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ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ืžื–ื•ื™ืคืช ืœื™ืคืช

ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ: 5 ื‘ืื•ื’ืณ 2023

ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ืžื–ื•ื™ืคืช ืœื™ืคืช ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ื”ืื™ื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ื—ืกื• ืœืจื‘ื ื•. ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช ื–ื• ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ืžืกืขื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช: ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ืคืœื™ื’ ื‘ื™ื ืžืžืงื•ื ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืื—ืจ ืชืœืื•ืช ืœืขื™ืจ ื”ื ืžืœ ืขื›ื•. ืžืฉื, ืœืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ-ืžื”, ื ืกืข ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืžืฉื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ. ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ืขื“ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ืงื‘ืจื™ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื”.


ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœ ืฆืืฆืื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื–ื• ื ืฉืœื—ื” ืืœ ืจ' ื™ืคืช ื‘ืจ' ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉื™ืœืช ื‘ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืชื• (ืขืž' ืจื›ื“): "ืœืื™ื’ืจืช ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื•, ืฉื ืฉืœื—ื” ืœืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืืœ ืจ' ื™ืคืช ื‘ืจ' ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื“ื™ื™ืŸ" ื•ื›ื•'. ืื•ืœื, ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืขืœ ืกืžืš ืžื” ืฉื™ืœืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื–ืืช, ื›ื™ ื›ืžื• ืฉืชืจืื• ืœืงืžืŸ, ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื ื“ื•ื ื” ืขืฆืžื” ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ื•ืื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœื ืœืจื‘ื ื• ื•ืœื ืœื™ืคืช.


ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืฉื™ืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืื™ื’ืจืช ื–ื• ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืชื‘-ื™ื“ ืฉืœ "ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืœืžืกื›ืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืก ืœืจืžื‘"ื", ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื•ืœื ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื ื•, ื›ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ื–ืงื” ืขืœ ืฆืืฆืื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ื–ื™ื™ืคื ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ื›ืชื‘-ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื• "ืžื™ื•ื—ืก", ื‘ืฉืงืจ ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื›ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื›ืชื‘ื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ืืฉืจ ืฉื•ืคืš ืื•ืจ ื ื’ื•ื”ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื™ื ื•ืชื. ืื’ื‘, ืขื“ ืขืฆื-ื”ื™ื•ื-ื”ื–ื” ืฆืืฆืื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœืื—ื“ ืžืงื•ื‘ืฆื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื "ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ", ื•ืฉืื™ืคืชื ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื ื”ื™ื™ืชื• ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžืื’ื™ื”.


ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืฉื™ืœืช ืžืชืขืงืฉ ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื›ืชื‘ ืืช ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื–ื•, ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืข ืœืคื ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืชื‘-ื”ื™ื“ ืžื™ื•ื—ืก ืœืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื›ืชื‘ื™-ื™ื“, ื•ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ื ื•: "ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื–ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ โ€“ ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• [ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ืžื–ื•ื™ืคืช ืœื™ืคืช] โ€“ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™-ื™ื“ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื•ืžื™ื•ื—ืก ื‘ื›ื•ืœื ืœื”ืจืžื‘"ื". ื•ื’ื ืื ืจื‘ื ื• ืื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ืืช ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ, ืžื“ื•ืข ื–ื” ืžืขื™ื“ ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืขืœ-ื›ืš ืฉื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช? ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืžืืŸ-ื“ื”ื• ืฆื™ืจืฃ ืืช ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื–ื• ืœื›ืชื‘-ื”ื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ? ื•ืื ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืฆื™ืจืคื”, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืื ืื›ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช ืžื”ื™ืžื ื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืžื”, ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื›ืชื‘ื™-ื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืœื–?


ืงืฆืจื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื’ื ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืžืงื•ืจื™, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื•ื ืจืื™ื” ืœืžืงื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช. ื•ืขืœ-ื›ืœ-ืคื ื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืื“ ืœื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื’ื ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืœื– ื–ื™ื•ืฃ ื”ื•ื, ื”ื‘ืœ ืžืขืฉื” ืชืขืชื•ืขื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ืจืื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“, ืืฃ ืฉืœื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื ื• ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชืœืžื•ื“, ื•ืืฃ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ืกื›ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืจืื•: "ื”ืื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื’ืžืจื?". ื•ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื•ืฆืืฆืื™ื”ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื•ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื˜ืžื˜ื ืืช ืขื-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ื™ ืจืง ืขื ืžื˜ื•ืžื˜ื ื•ืžื–ื•ื”ื ืงืฉื•ืช ื‘ื”ื–ื™ื•ืช ืžืื’ื™ื•ืช-ืคื’ืื ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื™ืฉื‚ื›ื™ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกื›ืœื•ืชื ื•ื‘ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•, ื•ืืฃ ื™ื”ื•ื•ื” ื›ืจ ื ื•ื— ืœื–ืจื™ืขืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื.


ืื’ื‘, ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืœื– ืœืžืกื›ืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”, ืฉื™ื•ื—ืก ื‘ืฉืงืจ ืœืจื‘ื ื•, ื ื›ืชื‘ ื›ืš: "ื”ื•ืขืชืง ื”ืกืคืจ [=ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืœืžืกื›ืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”] ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื”ื™ื, ื”ืขืชื™ืงื• ื”ื ืขืœื” ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘"ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืงื™ื™ืœ ื‘ืขื›ื•, ืžื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ืจื‘ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืฉื” ืžืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื•ืœื” ื–"ืœ. ื•ื’ื ื–ื” [ื’ื ืืช ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื ื“ื•ื ื”] ืžืฆื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืกืคืจ [ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉื ื–ื›ืจ] ืžื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืžืœืฉื•ื ื•", ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื ื›ืชื‘: "ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ ื”ืขืชื™ืง ืžื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืืฆื‘ืข ืื™ืฉ ื”ืืœื”ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืฉื” ื–"ืœ". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ื–ื™ื™ืคื ื™ื ื˜ืขื ื• ืฉื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื• ื”ื•ืขืชืงื” ืžื˜ื•ืคืก ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื›ืชื‘-ื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื! ื‘ืจื, ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ืœืช, ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ื–ื™ื™ืคืŸ ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื›ืš: "ื•ื–ื” ื”ืขืชื™ืง ืžื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืื“ื•ื ื ื• ื”ื ื’ื™ื“ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืฉื” ื–"ืœ". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœืคื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื•ืขืชืงื” ืžื›ืชื‘-ื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื ื’ื™ื“ ื ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ื ื•!


ื•ื”ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื” ืžืงืฉื” ืื—ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื™ื•ืฃ ืฆืจื•ืฃ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ื–ื™ื™ืคื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœืชืขืชืข ื•ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื: "ืžื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืžืœืฉื•ื ื•", "ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืืฆื‘ืข ืื™ืฉ ื”ืืœื”ื™ื", ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื—ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื™ื•ืคื ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืชืงื‘ืœ ื›ืืžืช ืœืืžื™ืชื”, ื•ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ื‘ื–ื”.


ื•ืขืœ-ื›ืœ-ืคื ื™ื, "ืคึผึดื™ ื›ึฐืกึดื™ืœ ืžึฐื—ึดืชึผึธื” ืœื•ึน ื•ึผืฉื‚ึฐืคึธืชึธื™ื• ืžื•ึนืงึตืฉื ื ึทืคึฐืฉืื•ึน" (ืžืฉ' ื™ื—, ื–).


ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืชื” ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื ื ืชื— ืืช ืชื•ื›ื ื”:


ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ื‘ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื ืœื™ืจื— ืื™ื™ืจ, ื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืœื™ื. ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ืช, ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ืœืื™ื™ืจ, ืฉื ืช ืืจื‘ืขืช ืืœืคื™ื ื•ืชืฉืข ืžืื•ืช ื•ื—ืžืฉื” ื•ืขืฉืจื™ื ืœื™ืฆื™ืจื” [1165 ืœืกืคื™ืจื” ื”ื ื•ืฆืจื™ืช], ืขืžื“ ืขืœื™ื ื• ื ื—ืฉื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื˜ื‘ืขื ื•, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื–ืขืฃ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื. ื•ื ื“ืจืชื™ ืขืœื™ ืฉืฉื ื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืืฆื•ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื•ืื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื”ื ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื, ืื ื™ ื•ืื ืฉื™ ื‘ื™ืชื™ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืขืœื™, ื•ืืฆื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ื‘ึผึธื ึทื™ ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืฆืื• ืžืื•ืชื, ื•ื™ื™ืชื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื›ืคื™ ื›ื•ื—ื.


ื•ืžื ื“ืจื™ื™, ืฉืื”ื ืื ื™ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืœื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ, ืœื ืืจืื” ืื“ื, ืืœื ืžืชืคืœืœ ื•ืงื•ืจื ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžื™, ื•ื›ืฉื ืฉืœื ืžืฆืืชื™ ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื ืืœื ื”ืงื‘"ื” โ€“ ื›ืš ืœื ืืจืื” ืื“ื ื•ืœื ืืฉื‘ ืขื™ืžื•, ืืœื-ืื-ื›ืŸ ื ืื ืกืชื™.


ื•ืœื™ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื™ืžื™ื ืœื™ืจื— ืกื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ื™ืฆืืชื™ ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื‘ืื ื• ืœืขื›ื•, ื•ื ื™ืฆืœืชื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื“, ื•ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื ื“ืจืชื™ ืฉื™ื”ื ื™ื•ื ืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืžืฉืชื” ื•ืžืชื ื•ืช ืœืื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื, ืื ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืชื™ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช.


ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื ืœื™ืจื— ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ, ืฉื ืช ืฉืฉื” ื•ืขืฉืจื™ื ืœื™ืฆื™ืจื”, ื™ืฆืื ื• ืžืขื›ื• ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืชื—ืช ืกื›ื ื”, ื•ื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื•ื”ืชืคืœืœืชื™ ื‘ื•, ื‘ื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™, ืฉืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ืœื™ืจื— ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ.


ื•ื‘ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื™ืฆืืชื™ ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ืœื ืฉืง ืงื‘ืจื™ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื”, ื•ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ืขืžื“ืชื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื” ื•ื”ืชืคืœืœืชื™, ืฉื‘ื— ืœืืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœ.


ื•ืฉื ื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื•, ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื•ืชืฉื™ืขื™ ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ, ื ื“ืจืชื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ื”' ื•ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืชื™ื”. ืืœื”ื™ื ื™ืขื–ืจื ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœ, ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืœื™ 'ื ึฐื“ึธืจึทื™ ืœึทื™ื™ึธ ืึฒืฉึทืืœึตึผื' [ืชื”' ืงื˜ื–, ื™ื“], ืืžืŸ. ื•ื›ืฉื ืฉื–ื›ื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืจื‘ื ื”, ื›ืš ืืจืื” ืื ื™ ื•ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื ื—ืžืชื” ืžื”ืจื”, ืืžืŸ.


ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื•ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉืจ ื‘ืกื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ืจืื” ื”' ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ ื•ื‘ื ืื—ื™ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื, ื•ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ืชืขื ื™ืช.


ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ืžื–ื•ื™ืคืช ืœื™ืคืช, ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืขื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช:


ื) ืื—ืœ ื‘ื”ืขืจื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื™ืฉืœื— ืื™ื’ืจืช ืฉืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช? ื•ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืฉ ืฉืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช? ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืชืคืืจ ื‘ื” ื•ื™ืชืืจ ืืช ื ื“ืจื™ื• ื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืชื•, ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืื“ ืžืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื•. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืื™ื’ืจืช ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืื—ึตืจ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืื•ืชื” ืœืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ืฉืงืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ืขืจื›ื” ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืื™ื’ืจื•ืช, ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื˜ืฉื˜ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื•, ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืช ื”ื”ื‘ืœ ื•ื”ื”ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆืืฆืื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื.


ื‘) ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ืชื— ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืœื•ืžื•ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื™ืคืชื— ืื™ื’ืจืช ื‘ืœื™ ืืžื™ืจืช ืฉืœื•ื ื›ื ื”ื•ื’? ื‘ืœื™ ืื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื—ืกื“ื™ ื”'? ื‘ืœื™ ืคืกื•ืง ืฉืžืชืืจ ืืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช? ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื™ืคืชื— ืื™ื’ืจืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืจื“ื•ื“ ื ืขื“ืจ ื ื™ืžื•ืกื™ืŸ ื•ื™ืจืืช-ืฉืžื™ื?


ื’) ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืžืชืืจ ืกืขืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื”ื—ืจื™ื“ื” ืื•ืชื• ืžืื“, ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืกืขืจื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ืกื™ื›ื ื” ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื•, ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืชืขื ื” ื‘ืืจื‘ืขื” ื•ื‘ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืขื ื™ืช ืžืœืื”, ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื™ื•ื! ื•ืœื ืจืง ื”ื•ื, ื”ื•ื ื•ื›ืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืœื ืจืง ื”ื, ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื™ืฆื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ื• ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื“ ื›ืœ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืฆืื• ืžื”ื...


ื•ื›ืžื” ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืกื›ืœื•ืช ื•ื˜ืžื˜ื•ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงื˜ืข ื”ื–ื”, ืขื“-ื›ื“ื™-ื›ืš ืฉืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืื“ื ื›ืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจื, ื›ืœ-ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืจื‘ื ื•, ืื™ืฉ ื”ื“ืขืช, ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ื”ื”ืœื›ื”, ื™ืืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื”:


ื’.1) ื‘ืงื˜ืข ื ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื“ ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืกืขืจื” ื”ืฉืชื•ืœืœื” ื•ืื™ื™ืžื” ืœื˜ืจื•ืฃ ืืช ืกืคื™ื ืชื•. ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื•ื›ื™ ืื“ื ืฉื ื™ืฆืœ ืžื–ืขืฃ ื”ื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืขืฆืžื• ื™ื•ื ืชืขื ื™ืช ืœื“ื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช? ื•ื”ืœื ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืขืฆืžื• ื™ื•ื ื”ืœืœ ื•ื”ื•ื“ื™ื” ืœื”' ื™ืชืขืœื”! ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ื”ืžืœื—ื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ื•ื ื”. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืœื—ื™ื ื ื™ืฆืœื• ืžื”ืกืขืจื” ื”ื ื•ืจืื” ื”ื ืœื ืจืื• ืœื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืฆื•ื ื•ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช, ืœื”ื™ืคืš! ื ืืžืจ ืฉื: "ื•ึทื™ึดึผื™ืจึฐืื•ึผ ื”ึธืึฒื ึธืฉึดืื™ื ื™ึดืจึฐืึธื” ื’ึฐื“ื•ึนืœึธื” ืึถืช ื™ึฐื™ึธ ื•ึทื™ึดึผื–ึฐื‘ึฐึผื—ื•ึผ ื–ึถื‘ึทื— ืœึทื™ื™ึธ ื•ึทื™ึดึผื“ึฐึผืจื•ึผ ื ึฐื“ึธืจึดื™ื" (ื, ื˜ื–), ื•ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืกืคืจ ื™ื•ื ื” ื•ืืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืžืœื—ื™ื ื™ืจืื™ ื”ืืœื”ื™ื? ื•ื’ื ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจ ืžืชื ื’ื“ ืœื ื“ืจื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฆืœื” ืžืกืขืจื” ืฉื‘ื™ื: ื•ื›ื™ ืœื ื“ื™ ืœื• ืœืื“ื ื‘ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ ื”ืกืขืจื”, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื? ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืขืœ ื”ืฆืœื” ืžื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืขื•ื“ ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื, ืืœื ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื”ืœืœ ื•ื”ื•ื“ื™ื” ืœื”'! ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืฆื˜ื•ื•ื™ื ื• ืœืฉืžื•ื— ื‘ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื—, ืืฃ ืฉืกื‘ืœื ื• ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื.


ื•ึผืœืžื” ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื ื•ื“ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื“ื•ืžื™ื? ืœืื“ื ืฉื ื™ืฆืœ ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื” ืงืฉื” ื ื•ืจืื” ื•ืกื•ืคื ื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ื™ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืขืฆืžื• ื™ืžื™ ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืชืขื ื™ืช ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ื‘ืฉื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฆืœืชื•, ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ? ื•ื”ืœื ืืคื™ืœื• ืขื ื”ืืจืฅ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื“ืขืช ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ, ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืขืฆืžื• ื™ืžื™ ื”ืœืœ ื•ื”ื•ื“ื™ื” ืœื”' ื™ืชืขืœื”!


ื•ื›ืš ื”ื•ืจื• ืœื ื• ื’ื ื—ื–"ืœ ื•ื’ื ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช (ื™, ื—):


"ืืจื‘ืขื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช: ื—ื•ืœื” ืฉื ืชืจืคื, ื•ื—ื‘ื•ืฉ ืฉื™ืฆื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืกื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ ื”ื™ื ื›ืฉื™ืขืœื•, ื•ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื›ืฉื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘, ื•ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฉืจื” ื•ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ: 'ื•ึดื™ืจึนืžึฐืžื•ึผื”ื•ึผ ื‘ึดึผืงึฐื”ึทืœ ืขึธื ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžื•ึนืฉึทืื‘ ื–ึฐืงึตื ึดื™ื ื™ึฐื”ึทืœึฐืœื•ึผื”ื•ึผ' [ืชื”' ืงื–, ืœื‘]. ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ื”?" ื•ื›ื•'.


ื•ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉื, ืžื•ื‘ื ื’ื ื”ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™-ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ืœื”ืฆืœื” ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืœืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื•ื’ื ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืœืœ ื•ืœื ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช, ื•ื›ึนื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ืฉื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืคืกืงื™ ื—ื–"ืœ:


"ื”ืจื•ืื” ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื• ื ืกื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ [...] ืžื‘ืจืš: ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื™ื™ ืืž"ื” ืฉืขืฉื” ื ืกื™ื ืœืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื”. ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ื ืก ืœืจื‘ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ื ืก ืœื™ื—ื™ื“, ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ื‘ื ื• ื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื ื• ืžื‘ืจืš ื›ืฉื™ืจืื” ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžืงื•ื: ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื™ื™ ืืž"ื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืœื™ ื ืก ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื”, ืื• ืฉืขืฉื” ื ืก ืœืื‘ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื”".


ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื—ื’ื™ื’ื”! ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœืคื™ ื“ืชื ื• ืืกื•ืจ ืœืื“ื ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื•ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื–ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื•ืช. ื•ืžื–ื” ื ืœืžื“ ื’ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืฉืžื—ื”.


ื•ื”ื ื” ืจืื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื›ืš ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื”, ืžื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ (ื•, ื˜):


"ื•ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื–ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืขืฆื™ื, ื”ื™ื• ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื•ืช ื ื“ื‘ื”, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืขืฆื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘. ื•ืืกื•ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื‘ืกืคื“ ื•ืชืขื ื™ืช ื•ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžืœืื›ื”, ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืžื ื”ื’".


ืœืื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•, ื”ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืจื‘ื ื•, ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช "ื”ืฆืœืชื• ื”ืคืœืื™ืช", ื™ืงื‘ืข ืœืขืฆืžื• ื•ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื•ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื“ื•ืจื™-ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ืฉื ื™ ื™ืžื™ ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ืžืœืื™ื ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื™ื•ื?


ื’.2) ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื’ื ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื“ ืœื™ื ื”ื•ื ืงื‘ืข ืœืขืฆืžื• ืœื™ื•ื ืชืขื ื™ืช ืœื“ื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื, ื•ื›ืœ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ื—ืœืฆื™ื”ื ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช... ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืจื“ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืžื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง? ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืื“ื ื™ืฆื ืœื“ืจืš ืœืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ? ื•ื”ืœื ื’ื ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื”ืœืœ ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื”ื•ื“ืื”, ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฆื ื”ืื“ื ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื˜ืžืื•ืช ืœืขื‘ืจ ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ! ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื™ืงื‘ืข ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ืœื“ื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ื ืขืœื”!


ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืชืขื ื™ืช ืœื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืื“ื ื–ื›ื” ืœืฆืืช ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ืขืžื™ื ื”ื˜ืžืื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ื•ื ืžืขืฉื” ืžื’ื•ื ื” ื•ื—ืžื•ืจ ืžืื“-ืžืื“, ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืจื’ืœื™ื ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื“ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืืจืฅ ืจืขื”! ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืื“ื ืžื‘ื™ืข ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืจืขื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืื” ืœื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื... ื•ื–ื™ื•ืฃ ื•ืกื™ืœื•ืฃ ื•ืขื™ื•ื•ืช ืฉื›ื–ื” ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืžืื“ ืœืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ื ื”ืจืฉืขื™ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื”ืืจื•ืจื”: "ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื›ึดื ึผื•ึนืจ ื•ึธื ึถื‘ึถืœ ืชึนึผืฃ ื•ึฐื—ึธืœึดื™ืœ ื•ึธื™ึทื™ึดืŸ ืžึดืฉึฐืืชึตึผื™ื”ึถื ื•ึฐืึตืช ืคึนึผืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื™ึธ ืœึนื ื™ึทื‘ึดึผื™ื˜ื•ึผ ื•ึผืžึทืขึฒืฉึตื‚ื” ื™ึธื“ึธื™ื• ืœึนื ืจึธืื•ึผ" (ื™ืฉ' ื”, ื™ื‘), ื•ืืœืžืœื ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื”ื ื•ืจืื”, ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื•ืฆืืฆืื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื™ื™ื–ืžืจื™ื ื•ืžืจืงื“ื™ื ื”ืœื•ืžื™-ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ืžืื” ื•ื‘ื ื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ืžืžืœืžืœื™ื ื”ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ืชื•ืขื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืขื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืืจื•ืจื”.


ื’.3) ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืื™ืš ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื™ื ื“ื•ืจ ื ื“ืจื™ื ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืจืง ืœืขืฆืžื•, ืืœื ืœื›ืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืืฃ ื™ืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื• ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช? ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ื”ื‘ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ืŸ ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื•ืื ืื“ื ื—ื›ื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืกืจ ื“ื‘ืจ-ืžื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื’ื•ืจืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืœืขื•ืœื-ื•ืœืขื•ืœืžื™-ืขื•ืœืžื™ื, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืกื™ื‘ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืœืœื ืฉื•ื ืคืงืคื•ืง ื•ื”ืจื”ื•ืจ ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืจื™ื— ืงืœ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืื• ื˜ืขื•ืช ืื• ืฉื’ื™ืื”.


ื’.4) ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช ื ืืžืจ: "ื•ืืฆื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ื‘ึผึธื ึทื™ ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืฆืื• ืžืื•ืชื, ื•ื™ื™ืชื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื›ืคื™ ื›ื•ื—ื", ื•ื–ื” ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื•ืžืคื•ืจืฉ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืœืจื‘ื ื• ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ื, ืจืง ื‘ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื•ืฉืžื• ืื‘ืจื”ื. ื•ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ืืช, ื‘ื ื• ืื‘ืจื”ื ื ื•ืœื“ ืœื• ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืขืฉืจื™ื ืฉื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื’ืขืชื• ืœืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื! ื•ื–ื• ืขื“ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื–ื™ื•ืฃ ืกื™ืœื•ืฃ ื•ืขื™ื•ื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื”ืง ืฉืœ ืฆืืฆืื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ื›ืกื™ืœื™ื.


ืืžื ื, ืฉื™ืœืช ื”ื ื•ื›ืœ ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืชื‘-ื™ื“ "ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืฉืœ ืื™ื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื" ืฉื‘ื• ื ืืžืจ ืฉื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื–ืืช ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 1185 ื‘ืขืจืš. ืื•ืœื, ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื–ื” ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ื–ื™ื•ืฃ ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืขื›ื• ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ืฉื ืช 1165, ื•ืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืขืฉืจื™ื ืฉื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืฆืœื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื™ื’ืจืช ืœื™ืคืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื”. ืืš ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ื’ื ืœืคื™ ื”ื–ื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืœืช, ืœืคื™ื” ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื›ืชื‘ื”ึผ ืขืฉืจื™ื ืฉื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืŸ ืจื‘ื ื• ื˜ืจื ื ื•ืœื“.


ื’.5) ืื’ื‘, ืฉื™ืœืช ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืื™ื’ืจืช ื–ื• ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืจ' ื™ืคืช ื”ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ืขื›ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื™ืคืช ื”ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื‘ืžืกืขื ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื... ืื-ื›ืŸ-ืืคื•ื, ืžื“ื•ืข ืจื‘ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืื™ื’ืจืช ืœื™ืคืช ื•ืœืกืคืจ ืœื• ืขืœ ืชืœืื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ? ื•ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืขื›ื• ืื• ื‘ืขืช ืžืกืขื ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœืกืคืจ ืœื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืื•ืชื•? ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืœืช (ืขืž' ืจื›ื•): "ืจ' ื™ืคืช ื”ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ืขื›ื•, ื•ืžืฉื ืœื™ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื" ื•ื›ื•'. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืจ: "ื”ื•ืขืชืง ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื”ื™ื, ื”ืขืชื™ืงื• [...] ื‘ืขื›ื•", ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื•ืขืชืง ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื”ื™ื ืื• ื‘ืขื›ื•?


ื’.6) ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืคืจื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื˜ืข ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ: ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืื•ืžืจ: "ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช [...] ื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืœื™ื", ื•ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžืื“ ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื•ืจื“ื•ื“, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ืœื™ื ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ ืื• ืœืจื—ื•ืฅ? ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื ืœืืจืฅ-ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉื›ื–ืืช ืžืืจืฅ ื”ืขืžื™ื, ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ "ื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืœื™ื", ืžื”ื™ ื”ืฉืึผื•ึนื˜ื•ึผืช ื”ื–ื•? ื•ื›ื™ ืขื“-ื›ื“ื™-ื›ืš ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช? ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืชืืจ ื‘ืขืจื’ื” ื•ื‘ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื”ืขืฆื•ืžื” ื‘ืขืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ? ื•ื”ืœื ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช ืชื™ืžืŸ (ืขืž' ื˜ื–): "ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฆืื ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขืจื‘ ืœื—ื–ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืขื ื”' ื•ืœื‘ืงืจ ืžืงื•ื ืงื“ืฉื•", ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืขืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ "ื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืœื™ื" ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช ืชื™ืžืŸ... ื•ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื–ื• ื”ืžืกืข ืชื•ืืจ ืœืคืจื˜ื™ ืคืจื˜ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช ืชื™ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืฉื ื–ื›ืจื• ื ืืžืจื• ืจืง ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘.


ื•ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ, ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืื•ืžืจ: "ืขืžื“ ืขืœื™ื ื• ื ื—ืฉื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื˜ื‘ืขื ื•, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื–ืขืฃ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื", ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืืžืจ ืฉืขืžื“ ื ื—ืฉื•ืœ ืœื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืข ืื•ืชื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื–ืขืฃ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื? ื•ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืคื•ืš: ื”ื™ื” ื–ืขืฃ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื ื•ืขืžื“ ืขืœื™ื ื• ื ื—ืฉื•ืœ ืœื˜ื‘ืขื ื•... ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ื•ื ื” (ื, ื“): "ื•ึทื™ื™ึธ ื”ึตื˜ึดื™ืœ ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึนืœึธื” ืึถืœ ื”ึทื™ึผึธื ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืกึทืขึทืจ ื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึผึทื™ึผึธื ื•ึฐื”ึธืึณื ึดื™ึผึธื” ื—ึดืฉึผืึฐื‘ึธื” ืœึฐื”ึดืฉึผืึธื‘ึตืจ".


ื•ืขื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืื•ืžืจ: "ื•ืืฆื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ื‘ึผึธื ึทื™ ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืฆืื• ืžืื•ืชื", ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ" ืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ, ืฉื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื—ืฉื•ื•ืจื•ืฉ, ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืจ, ื”ืกื›ืœ ื•ื”ื ื‘ืœ, ืืฉืจ ืชื•ืžืจืŸ ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืŸ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื•ืืกืชืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื•: "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึถืšึฐ ืœึฐื”ึตืขึธืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ื›ึผึตืŸ" (ืืก' ื˜, ื“), ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื™ืขืชื™ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื™ ื’ื•ื™ื™ ื•ืืœื™ืœื™? ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืžื• ืื—ืฉื•ื•ืจื•ืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืœืš ืกื›ืœ ืจื•ื“ืฃ ืžืžื•ืŸ, ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืฉื‚ืจืจื”, ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ื ืฉื™ื?


ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืกืคืง ืฉืฆืืฆืื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื’ืกื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืœื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืœื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ื•ืœื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ืฉื›ื” ื™ืชื”ืœื›ื•, ื•ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืขื™ืœื’ื•ืช ื”ืฉืคื” ื•ืจื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื›ื•ืœื ืืฆืœื ืžืฆื•ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” โ€“ ื•ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื˜ืฉื˜ืฉ ืืช ื”ืืžืช, ืืš ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืืžืช ื™ื‘ื—ื™ื ื• ื‘ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืฉื‚ื›ื™ืœื™ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•.


ื“) ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื ื“ืจื™ื ื”ืชืžื•ื”ื™ื, ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื“ื•ืจ ื ื“ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืคืจื˜ ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืชื•, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•: "ื•ืžื ื“ืจื™ื™," ื•ื›ื•'. ื•ื›ืžื” ื ื“ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื ื• ื ื•ื“ืจ? ื•ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื ื“ืจืŸ ื”ื™ื”? ื•ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ืกืจ ื“ืขืช ืฉืงื•ืคืฅ ื•ืžืžื”ืจ ืœื ื“ื•ืจ ื•ืœืืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื•? ื•ื”ืœื ื–ื• ืžื™ื“ื” ืžื’ื•ื ื” ืžืื“, ื•ื›ืคืกืง ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื•ืช (ืกื•ืฃ ืคืจืง ื™ื‘): "ื•ืื ืืžืจ: ืื™ื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ืืฉื” ื ื•ื“ืจืช [ืืฃ-ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืคืจ ืœื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื ื“ืจื™ื”] โ€“ ื™ื•ืฆื™ื ื•ื™ื™ืชืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘ื”".


ื™ืชืจ-ืขืœ-ื›ืŸ ืคื•ืกืง ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื“ืขื•ืช (ื’, ื’โ€“ื“):


"ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืฆื™ื•ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืžื ืข ืื“ื ืขืฆืžื• ืืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžื ืขื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืกืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ืชืจื™ืŸ. ื›ืš ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื: ืœื ื“ื™ื™ืš ืžื” ืฉืืกืจื” ืชื•ืจื”, ืืœื ืฉืืชื” ืื•ืกืจ ืขืœื™ืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื? ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ื–ื” ืืœื• ืฉืžืชืขื ื™ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ื•ืืกืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื ืื“ื ืžืกื’ืฃ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช. ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ื•ื” ืฉืœืžื” ื•ืืžืจ: 'ืึทืœ ืชึฐึผื”ึดื™ ืฆึทื“ึดึผื™ืง ื”ึทืจึฐื‘ึตึผื” ื•ึฐืึทืœ ืชึดึผืชึฐื—ึทื›ึทึผื ื™ื•ึนืชึตืจ ืœึธืžึธึผื” ืชึดึผืฉึผืื•ึนืžึตื' [ืงื”' ื–, ื˜ื–]".


ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื“ืจื™ ื”ื–ื™ื™ืคืŸ, ื•ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ื ื• ื›ืืžื•ืจ: "ื•ืžื ื“ืจื™ื™, ืฉืื”ื ืื ื™ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืœื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ, ืœื ืืจืื” ืื“ื, ืืœื ืžืชืคืœืœ ื•ืงื•ืจื ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžื™, ื•ื›ืฉื ืฉืœื ืžืฆืืชื™ ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื ืืœื ื”ืงื‘"ื” โ€“ ื›ืš ืœื ืืจืื” ืื“ื ื•ืœื ืืฉื‘ ืขื™ืžื•, ืืœื-ืื-ื›ืŸ ื ืื ืกืชื™".


ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืžืคืจื˜ ืืคื•ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื ื“ืจ ืื—ื“ ืžืฉืœืœ ื”ื ื“ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ, ื•ื”ื•ื, ืฉืžืขืชื” ื•ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ื•, ื‘ื™ื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ, ื”ื•ื ื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืœื‘ื“ื• ื•ืœื ื™ืจืื” ืฉื•ื ืื“ื, ืืœื "ืžืชืคืœืœ ื•ืงื•ืจื ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžื™". ื•ืื™ื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืš ืื“ื ื™ืจื ืฉืžื™ื ื™ืขื– ืœื ื“ื•ืจ ื ื“ืจ ื›ื–ื”? ื•ืื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื ืชื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื•ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”? ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื ื“ืจื• ื”ื•ื ื™ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœืงื™ื™ื ืื•ืชื”? ื•ืื ืื‘ื™ื• ืื• ืื™ืžื• ื™ืžื•ืชื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ืœืš ืœืœื•ื•ืชื? ื•ืื ืื“ื ื‘ื ืœื‘ืงืจื• ืžืจื—ื•ืง ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœื•ึน ื‘ืกื‘ืจ ืคื ื™ื ื™ืคื•ืช? ืื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื–ื” ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื›ืืœ ืื•ื ืก? ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ "ืื•ื ืก" ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืœื”? ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื—ึถื‘ืจื” ืžืฆืคื” ืžืŸ ื”ืื“ื? ืื• ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ-ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉืคืชืื•ื ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื•ืฆืฅ? ื•ืื-ื›ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืขืจืš ืœื ื“ืจ ื–ื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจื• ื•ืœืงื™ื™ืžื•: ื›ื™ ืื ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื•ืฆืฅ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ืื•ื ืก, ืื– ื’ื ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขื ื”ืืฉื” ืื• ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืขื ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ืื• ืงื‘ืœืช ืคื ื™ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืื• ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืขื•ื“-ื•ืขื•ื“ โ€“ ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ื ื“ืจ; ื•ืื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ื ื“ืจ, ื•ื”ื ื•ื“ืจ ื™ื™ืืœืฅ ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช โ€“ ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืจืง ืกื›ืœ ื™ื ื“ื•ืจ ื ื“ืจ ื›ื–ื”.


ื”) ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืื•ืžืจ: "ืืœื ืžืชืคืœืœ ื•ืงื•ืจื ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžื™", ื•ืื™ื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ, ื•ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืขื-ื”ืืจืฅ? ื•ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื•ืœืงืจื•ืช? ื•ื”ืœื ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืฉ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื”, ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืฃ, ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื•ืฉื›ืœื•ืช, ื‘ืžื“ืขื™ื, ื‘ืกืชืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืื“ื ืฉืœื ื›ื–ื” ื™ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” "ืžืชืคืœืœ ื•ืงื•ืจื"? ื•ื”ืจื™ ืžื™ ืฉืžืงื“ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ื ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉืœื ืœืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ืœืงืจื™ืื” (ืงึฐืจึทืื™ึตื™ื”) ื”ื•ื ืžืขืžื™-ื”ืืจืฆื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“...


ื•) ืขื•ื“ ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืฉื: "ื•ื›ืฉื ืฉืœื ืžืฆืืชื™ ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื ืืœื ื”ืงื‘"ื” โ€“ ื›ืš ืœื ืืจืื” ืื“ื ื•ืœื ืืฉื‘ ืขื™ืžื•", ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื” ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืžืื“ ืœืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจ ื•ื™ื“ืข ืืช ื”' ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื•, ื•ืคืชืื•ื ื‘ืขืช ืฆืจื” ื”ื•ื ืžื’ืœื” ืืช ื”' ื™ืชืขืœื” ื‘ื–ืขืงื• ืืœื™ื• ืœืชืฉื•ืขื” ื•ืœื”ืฆืœื”. ืื•ืœื, ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืชืžื•ื”ื™ื ืžืื“, ื•ื›ื™ ืจืง ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื, ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฆืจื” ื•ืฆื•ืงื”, ืจื‘ื ื• ืžืฆื ืืช ื”' ื™ืชืขืœื”? ื•ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืื™ื ืกืคื•ืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื• ื”ื–ื›ื” ืœืืœ ื ื•ืจื ืขืœื™ืœื•ืช?


"ืฉืึดื•ึผึดื™ืชึดื™ ื™ึฐื™ึธ ืœึฐื ึถื’ึฐื“ึผึดื™ ืชึธืžึดื™ื“ ื›ึผึดื™ ืžึดื™ืžึดื™ื ึดื™ ื‘ึผึทืœ ืึถืžึผื•ึนื˜" (ืชื”' ื˜ื–, ื—).


ื•ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ: "ื›ืš ืœื ืืจืื” ืื“ื ื•ืœื ืืฉื‘ ืขื™ืžื•", ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื“ืจ ืฉืœื ื™ืจืื” ืื“ื, ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืขื•ื“ "ื•ืœื ืืฉื‘ ืขืžื•"? ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื›ืกื™ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืื“ ืžืจื‘ื ื•.


ื–) ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืžืชืืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืœึตื™ืœื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืขื›ื•, ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื“ืจ ื ื“ืจื™ื: "ื•ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื ื“ืจืชื™ ืฉื™ื”ื ื™ื•ื ืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืžืฉืชื” ื•ืžืชื ื•ืช ืœืื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื, ืื ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืชื™ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช", ื•ืฉื•ื‘, ืื™ื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ, ื•ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื ื“ืจืŸ ื”ื™ื”? ื•ื”ืœื ื”ื ื“ืจื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืคืจื–ืช ื”ื™ื ืžื™ื“ื” ืžื’ื•ื ื” ืžืื“, ื•ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืงื• ืœื• ืฉื ื™ ื™ืžื™ ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฉื ื“ืจ ืœื• ื•ืœืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช? ื•ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืงื• ืœื• ื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ื ื“ืจื™ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉื ื“ืจ ืฉืœื ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช? ื•ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœื• ื”ื ื“ืจ ืฉื ื“ืจ ื‘ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืžื™ื• ืฉืœื "ื™ืจืื” ืื“ื ื•ืœื ื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืขืžื•"? ืžื”ื™ ื”ื›ืกื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื–ื•?


ื•ื ืฆืจืฃ ื’ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื ื“ืจื™ื, ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื”ืคึผึฐืกืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช:


"ืžื™ ืฉื ื“ืจ ื ื“ืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื›ื•ื ืŸ ื“ืขื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืžืขืฉื™ื• ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื ืื” ื•ืžืฉื•ื‘ื—. ื›ื™ืฆื“, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื–ื•ืœืœ ื•ืืกืจ ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื ื” ืื• ืฉืชื™ื™ื. ืื• ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืืกืจ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื–ืžืŸ ืžืจื•ื‘ื”, ืื• ืฉืืกืจ ื”ืฉื›ืจื•ืช ืœืขื•ืœื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจื•ื“ืฃ ืฉืœืžื•ื ื™ื ื•ื ื‘ื”ืœ ืœื”ื•ืŸ ื•ืืกืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื”ืžืชื ื•ืช ืื• ื”ื ื™ื™ืช ืื ืฉื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื–ื•. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืชื’ืื” ื‘ื™ื•ืคื™ื• ื•ื ื“ืจ ื‘ื ื–ื™ืจ ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ื ืืœื•, ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื“ืจืš ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœึทืฉืึผึตื ื”ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื: ืกื™ื™ื’ ืœืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช โ€“ ื ื“ืจื™ื.


ื•ืืฃ-ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœื ื™ืจื‘ื” ืื“ื ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ืœื ื™ืจื’ื™ืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื”ืŸ, ืืœื ื™ืคืจื•ืฉ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ืŸ ื‘ืœื ื ื“ืจ. ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื: ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื“ืจ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืžื”. ื•ืื ืขื‘ืจ ื•ื ื“ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืืœ ืขืœ ื ื“ืจื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื ืžื›ืฉื•ืœ ืœืคื ื™ื•. ื‘ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื? ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ ืื™ืกืจ. ืื‘ืœ ื ื“ืจื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืงื™ื™ืžืŸ ื•ืœื ื™ื™ืฉืืœ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืืœื ืžื“ื•ื—ืง, ืฉื ืืžืจ: 'ื ึฐื“ึธืจึทื™ ืœึทื™ื™ึธ ืึฒืฉึทืืœึตึผื' [ืชื”' ืงื˜ื–, ื™ื“]".


ื•ืื™ื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ, ื•ื›ื™ ืขื“-ื›ื“ื™-ื›ืš ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื™ื” ื–ืงื•ืง ืœื›ื•ื ืŸ ื“ืขื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืžืขืฉื™ื•? ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื–ื•ืœืœ ื‘ืฉืจ ืื• ืฉื•ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื™ืŸ? ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ื“ืฃ ืฉืœืžื•ื ื™ื ืื• ื ื‘ื”ืœ ืœื”ื•ืŸ? ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืชื’ืื” ื‘ื™ื•ืคื™ื•? ื•ืจืง ืžื™ ืฉืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืจืขื•ืช ื•ืžืฉื•ื‘ืฉื•ืช ืžืื“ ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืืกื•ืจ ื•ืœื›ื‘ื•ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ื, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื• ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื•, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ืฉืจื”, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืคื•ืจืฉ "ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ืŸ ื‘ืœื ื ื“ืจ", ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืขื™ืœ!


ื•ืฉื™ืœืช ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื–ื™ ื”ื”ื–ื™ื•ืช ืžืงืจื‘ ืฆืืฆืื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ืœืžื™ื ื™ื”ื ืžื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืืช ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื–ื• ืœืจื‘ื ื•, ื•ื‘ืขืฉื•ืชื ื›ืŸ ื”ื ืžื—ืจืคื™ื ื•ืžื’ื“ืคื™ื ืืช ืจื‘ื ื•, ื•ืžื–ืœื–ืœื™ื ื‘ืื™ืฉ ืืœื”ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžื“ืจื™ืš ืืช ืขื-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื“ืจืš ื”ืืžืช! ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื›ืŸ? ื•ื›ื™ ืจืง ื‘ืฉืœ ืกื›ืœื•ืชื ื•ื˜ืžื˜ื•ืžื? ื•ื›ื™ ืจืง ื‘ืฉืœ ืฉื—ืฅ-ืœื‘ื ื•ื’ืกื•ืช-ืจื•ื—ื? ื•ื›ื™ ืจืง ื‘ืฉืœ ืžื•ื—ื ื”ืจืคื”? ืื• ืฉืžื ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืฉืื™ืคื” ื–ืจื” ื•ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžืช ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ืจื‘ื ื• ื›ื›ืกื™ืœ ื‘ื”ืžื™ ื”ื’ืจื•ืข ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืขืžื™-ื”ืืจืฅ? ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช.


ืืฉื•ื‘ ืœืื™ื’ืจืช, ืœืžื“ื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ ืฉื”ื ื“ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืจืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื ื ื“ืจื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉ, ื•ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื›ื™ ืืช ืจืฉืขื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืฆืืฆืื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื•ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืชืขื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืกืคืง ืœืžืืŸ-ื“ื”ื• ืฉื ื“ืจื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื ื ื ื“ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืืฆืจืฃ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื ื“ืจื™ื (ื, ื‘):


"ื•ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืืžืจ: ื”ืจื™ ืขืœื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืขื•ืœื”, ืื• ื”ืจื™ ืขืœื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื ืื• ืžื ื—ื” [...] ื•ื—ืœืง ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื™ ืงื•ืจื ืื•ืชื• ื ื“ืจื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉ".


ื ืžืฆื ืืคื•ื, ืฉืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื“ื” ืžื’ื•ื ื” ืžืื“, ืœืžืขื˜ ื ื“ืจื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื•ืื™ืš ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืคืจื•ืฅ ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ื? ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืงืœ ื“ืขืช ืฉืขืœ ื›ืœ ืฆืขื“ ื•ืฉืขืœ ืงื•ืคืฅ ื•ื ื•ื“ืจ? ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ืืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช? ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื ืจืื” ืฉื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœื ื“ื•ืจ ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“, ื•ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ื...


ื•ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ: "ื•ืœื™ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช [...] ื™ืฆืืชื™ ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื [...] ื•ื ื™ืฆืœืชื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื“", ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื™ืืžืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฆืœื” ืžืกืขืจื” ื‘ื™ื: "ื•ื ื™ืฆืœืชื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื“"? ื•ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืžื“? ื•ื”ืœื ื”ืฉืžื“ ื”ื•ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™, ืืฉืจ ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืจื“ื™ืคืชื• ืฉืœ ืขื-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื•ืจืชื• ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ืžืคืจื˜ ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ืฉืžื“ (='ืžืืžืจ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื'), ื•ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืคืจืง ื”. ื•ืื™ืš ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืืžืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืง, ื”ื“ืงื“ื•ืง ื•ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื™ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืฆื•ืจืžื™ื ื•ืœื ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื?


ื—) ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืฉืœ "ืจื‘ื ื•" ืœื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช: "ื•ื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื•ื”ืชืคืœืœืชื™ ื‘ื•", ื•ืื™ืš ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื™ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืžืชื—ื ืฉืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ื• ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ? ื•ื”ืœื ืจื‘ื ื• ืคื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” (ื–, ื•), ื•ื›ึนื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•: "ืืฃ-ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืฉื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื•ื ื—ืจื‘ ื‘ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื ื•, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื“ื ื‘ืžื•ืจืื• [...] ืœื ื™ื™ื›ื ืก ืืœื ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืฉื [...] ืžื” ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืฉื‘ืช ืœืขื•ืœื, ืืฃ ืžื•ืจื ืžืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื•ืœื, ืฉืืฃ-ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืฉื—ืจื‘, ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ืขื•ืžื“".


ื•ื˜ืžืื™-ืžืช ืืกื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ึตื™ืœ, ื›ืคืกืง ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ (ื’, ื”): "ื”ื—ึตื™ืœ โ€“ ืžืฉืœื—ื™ืŸ ืžืžื ื• ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื˜ืžืื™ ืžืช" ื•ื›ื•', ื•ื˜ืžื-ืžืช ืฉื ื›ื ืก ื‘ืžื–ื™ื“ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ืขื•ื•ื ื• ื›ืจืช, ื•ื›ืคืกืง ืจื‘ื ื• ืฉื (ื’, ื™): "ื˜ืžื ืฉื ื›ื ืก ืœืžืงื“ืฉ โ€“ ื‘ืžื–ื™ื“ ืขื ื•ืฉ ื›ืจืช [...] ื•ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืจืช ืื• ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืืœื ืžืขื–ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœืคื ื™ื". ืื™ืš ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืืคื•ื ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื™ืืžืจ: "ื•ื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ"?


ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืืžืช ื•ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื™ื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช, ืฉื™ืœืช ืชื™ืจืฅ ืฉื ืฉื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื™ื "ืœื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœื•, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื—ื™ืœ", ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืš ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื™ืคืชื— ืคืชื— ืœืชืงืœื” ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื›ืจืช? ื•ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื” ื™ื’ืจืžื• ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื›ืจืช? ื™ืชืจ-ืขืœ-ื›ืŸ, ืงืฉื” ืžืื“ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื™ืืžืจ: "ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ" ื•ื™ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื”ื–ื” ืจืง ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืง ื•ื”ื“ืงื“ื•ืง ื”ื™ื ื ืžืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื• ื”ืžื•ื‘ื”ืงื™ื.


ื•ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ืจืื•: "ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”".


ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื™ื™ื—ืก ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื‘ื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช ืชื™ืžืŸ (ืขืž' ื˜ื–): "ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฆืื ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขืจื‘ ืœื—ื–ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืขื ื”' ื•ืœื‘ืงืจ ืžืงื•ื ืงื“ืฉื•", ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืืœื” ืฉื•ื ืื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœืชืคื™ืœื”! ื•ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจ ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ืžื•ืจื” (ื, ื™ื—): "ืืš ืชืคื•ืฉื‚ ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœ, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืืจืฅ ืื• ื‘ืžืจื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ืœื’ืœ ื”ืชืฉื™ืขื™, ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืืคืฉืจื™, ื”ืจื™ ืื™ื ื• ืจื—ื•ืง ืžื”' ื›ืืŸ, ื•ืœื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ื• ืฉื, ืืœื ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ืืœื™ื• ื™ืชืขืœื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉื‚ื’ืชื•, ื•ื”ืจื™ื—ื•ืง ืžืžื ื• ืœืžื™ ืฉืกื›ืœ ื‘ื›ืš" (ื•ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืจืื•: 'ื”ืื ื‘ื›ื•ืชืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื”'?').


ืื’ื‘, ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื ื–ื›ืจ ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ืžื–ื•ื™ืคืช ืœื™ืคืช, ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš: "ื•ื›ืฉื ืฉื–ื›ื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืจื‘ื ื”, ื›ืš ืืจืื” ืื ื™ ื•ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื ื—ืžืชื” ืžื”ืจื”, ืืžืŸ". ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื”ื—ื“ื™ืจ ื”ืฉืงืคื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื‘ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ื–ื•, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื•ื“ ื ืจืื” ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืžืืžืจ.


ื˜) ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื "ืœื ืฉืง ืงื‘ืจื™ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื”, ื•ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ืขืžื“ืชื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื” ื•ื”ืชืคืœืœืชื™, ืฉื‘ื— ืœืืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœ". ืงื˜ืข ื–ื” ืžืขื™ื“ ืื•ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ืขืœ-ื›ืš ืฉื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื–ื• ืžื–ื•ื™ืคืช ืžืจืืฉ ื•ืขื“ ื–ื ื‘, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ืคื•ืกืง ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืจ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ืžืื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ืžืชื—ื ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืœื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื ื•, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ืงื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช (ืจืื•: 'ืœื ื™ืคื ื” ืื“ื ืœื‘ืงืจ ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช'). ืื™ืš ืืคื•ื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืื• ืœืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื™ืชืคืœืœ ืœืฆื“ ื”ืงื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืืฃ ื™ื ืฉืง ืื•ืชื?


ื•ื™ืฉ ืจืื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื–ื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”:


ืจื‘ื ื• ืงื™ื“ืฉ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื—ื•ืจืžื” ื—ืกืจืช ืคืฉืจื•ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”-ื”ื–ืจื”, ืฉืœื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื” ื•ื’ืจื•ืจื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”-ื”ื–ืจื” ื”ื™ื” ื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืืœ ื”ืžืชื™ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื™ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ืžืชื—ื ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืืฃ ื™ืคืจืกื ืืช ืžืขืฉื”ื• ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ืชืงืœื” ืฉืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืฆืืช ืžื›ืš ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืžืื–: ืื ืฉื™ื ืชื•ืขื™ื ื•ืžืชืขื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื "ืจืื™ื”" ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืžื–ื•ื™ืคื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœืžืื’ื™ื” ื•ืœืžืชื™ื.


ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืœื ืจืง ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชืงืœื” ืฉื ื•ื’ืขืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”-ื–ืจื”, ืืœื ื”ื™ื ื ื•ื’ืขืช ื’ื ืœืžื™ื ื•ืช! ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืคื•ื ื” ืœืžืœื™ืฅ ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”' ื™ืชืขืœื” ื—ื•ื˜ื ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ืช, ืืฉืจ ื—ืžื•ืจื” ืžืกืชื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”-ื–ืจื” ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ืกืงื™ืœื”, ื•ืขืœ-ื›ืš ืจืื•: "ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœืžืœื™ืฆื™ ื™ื•ืฉืจ โ€“ ืคื•ืœื—ืŸ ื“ืชื™ ืื• ืกื˜ื™ื™ืช ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืคื’ืื ื™ืช?".


ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืืคื•ื, ืฉื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื–ื• ืžื–ื•ื™ืคืช ืžื™ืกื•ื“ื”, ื•ืžื˜ืจืชื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœื“ืขืชื™ ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืืช ืคื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ืงื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืžืชื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžืื– ื•ืžืขื•ืœื ืฉื’ื• ืื—ืจื™ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœืžืื’ื™ื” ื•ืœืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื ื ื•ื—ื” ืžืื“ ืœื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื”ื›ืกื™ืœื™ื, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฉื—ืจืจืช ืื•ืชื ืžืขืจื™ื›ืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื ืคืฉ, ืžืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื•ืขืžื•ืงื” ืืœ ื”' ื™ืชืขืœื”, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื”ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืืœื™ืœื™ื ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžืชื™ื, ืื• ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืชื™ื, ืืฉืจ "ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”" ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืชื•ืขื™ื ืคื•ื ื™ื ืœืžืœื™ืฆื™ื ื•ืœืžืชื•ื•ื›ื™ื ืœืžื™ื ื™ื”ื ื•"ืฉื™ื—ื“ื• ืื•ืชื" ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ืœ"ืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืชื" ืื• ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžื–ื•ืžื ื™ื ืื• ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื™ ื‘ืœื—ืฉื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืœืžื•ืœื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื”ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืขืชื” ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืžืขืœืœื™ื”ื ื•ืชืขืœื•ืœื™ื”ื, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื ื”ื ื’ื ืชืจืžื• ื›ืกืคื™ื ืœืจืžืื™ื ื•ืœื ื•ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืฉืžืชึผึทืคืขืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื™ื, ืื– ื”ื ืžืžืฉ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืžืชื™ื ืœืžื™ื ื™ื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ "ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื" ืœื”ื, ื•ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื—ื˜ื ืขืœ ืคืฉืข ื•ืœืฉืงื•ืข ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืชืื•ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ื‘ืชื•ืขื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื.


ื™) ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื ื•ื’ืขืช ืœืขื•ืœื ืžื—ืงืจ "ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช", ืืฉืจ ื ืฉืœื˜ ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืฆืืฆืื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื—ื•ืงืจื™ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžืงืจื‘ ืฆืืฆืื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ืœืžื™ื ื™ื”ื ืžื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืื™ื’ืจืช ื–ื• ืœืจื‘ื ื•. ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืžื˜ืจืช ืจื•ื‘ ื—ื•ืงืจื™ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืœืžื™ื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื”: ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื”ื–ื™ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืชื•ืš ื”ืฆื’ืช ืžืจื›ื•ืœืชื ื”ืขืœื•ื‘ื” ื›"ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช", ืืฃ-ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ืืžืช ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื“ื ื‘ื”ื–ื™ื•ืช ืžืื’ื™ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืกืชื ืกื›ืœื•ืช. ื•ื™ืฉ ืืฃ ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื ื‘ืœื™ื ืืจื•ืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ืคื ื• ืœื—ืงืจ ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื’ืžึผึตื“ ื•ืœืžื–ืขึตืจ ืืช ื”ื ื–ืง ื”ืขืฆื•ื ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื’ืจื ื•ื’ื•ืจื ืœื”ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืฉืœืžื•ืช, ื•ืžืœื ื•ื’ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืกื›ืœื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื โ€“ ื•ื–ืืช, ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืจืืฉ ืื™ื’ืจืชื• ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ืจ' ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ืฉื ืจื‘ื ื• ืžืชืืจ ืžืขื˜ ืžืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื• ื”ืฉืคืœื™ื, ื•ื›ึนื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ืฉื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืคึผึฐืกืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช:


"ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื•ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื™ ื‘ืขืช ืฉื—ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ื• [ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืžืฉื ื” ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืžืื’ึผึตื“ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ื‘ื—ื›ืžื” ืžื•ืคืœืื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”-ืฉื‘ืขืœ-ืคื”], ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืœื™ ืกืคืง ืœื™ื“ื™ ืจืข ื”ืœื‘ื‘ ื”ืžืงื ื, ืฉื™ื’ื ื” ืืช ืžืขืœื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื™ึทืจืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื• ืื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืœืชื™-ืฉืœื [ื›ืžื• ื”ืคื•ื—ื– ืžืคื•ืกืงื™ื™ืจื ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืืžืฅ ืžืื“ ืœืฉืงืจ ื•ืœื›ื–ื‘ ื‘ื”ืฉื’ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉื”ืกืคืจ ืžืฉื ื”-ืชื•ืจื” ืžืœื ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช]. ื•ืืฃ ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื›ืœ ื”ืคืชื™ [ื˜ื™ืคืฉ ื•ื ื‘ืขืจ ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืฉื›ืœ, ืืš ืื™ื ื• ืจืข ืœื‘ื‘ ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ื›ืžื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ], ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืขืจืš ืžื” ืฉื ืขืฉื” [ืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขื•ืฆืžืช ืžืคืขืœื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื•] ื•ึดื™ื“ึทืžึผึถื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืขื˜ ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช [ื›ืžื• ืฆืืฆืื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืืฉืจ ื ื“ืžื” ืœื”ื ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื“ ืคื•ืกืง ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ืกื›ืœื™ื ื•ื˜ื™ืคืฉื™ื ื ืขื“ืจื™ ืžื“ืข ื•ืฉื•ื—ืจื™ ืฉืœืžื•ื ื™ื, ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืืฃ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืืœื™ืœื™ื].


ื•ืืฃ ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ื”ื•ื–ื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœื‘ืœ [ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืžื™ื ื™ื”ื ืืฉืจ ื ื“ืžื” ืœื”ื ืฉื”ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื’ืžืจื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื’ืื•ื•ืชื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื‘ื—ื™ืœื”] ื•ื™ึดืงืฉื• ืœื• ื‘ื• ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ [ืื™ื ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืžืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉืชื‘ืฉื• ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ืื•ืคื ื™ ื“ื™ื•ืง ืคืกื™ืงืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื•] ืื• ืฉืงืฆืจื” ื‘ื™ื ืชื• ืžืœื“ืงื“ืง ืžื” ืฉื“ืงื“ืงืชื™ [ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืงืฆืจื” ื‘ื™ื ืชื, ื›ื™ ืื™ืš ืฆืืฆืื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื ืคืจื•-ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืžืžื“ืข ื•ืžื“ืขืช ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• ืžื•ืฉื›ืœ?].


ื•ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืชื—ืกื“ ืœืคื™ ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื•, ื”ืžืื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืžื˜ื ืฉื™ืœืขื™ื– ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื• ืžื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขื•ืช [ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ืช ืฉื ืืžืจื• ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื“ืข, ื•ื”ืžืชื—ืกื“ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื™ื ื ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื ื“ืžื” ืœื”ื ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื›ื•ืคืจ ื‘ืชื—ืคื•ืฉืช ืฉืœ 'ืจื‘'; ื•ื›ื•ืคืจื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืืœื™ืœื™ื ื›ืžื• ื ื—ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœื‘ื™ ืฉืจ"ื™ ื”ืœืขื™ื˜ื• ืื•ืชื ื‘ืฉืงืจื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืฉื”ืกืคืจ ืžื•ืจื”-ื”ื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืกืคืจ-ื”ืžื“ืข ื”ื ืกืคืจื™ื ืžืฉื•ืงืฆื™ื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื], ื•ืืœื” ื”ื ื”ืจื•ื‘ [ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืจื•ื‘ ืœื•ืžื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืช ื”ืื•ืจืชื•ื“ื•ืงืกื™ืช ื”ืคืจื•-ื ื•ืฆืจื™ืช ืฉื”ืชืจื’ืฉื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ื‘ืืœืฃ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื ืžื ื™ื ืขืœ ืื—ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืจื‘ืข ื”ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืชื•ืืจื• ืœืขื™ืœ]".


ืื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื—ื•ืงืจื™ื, ื”ืฆื’ืช ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื›"ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช" ื•ื”ื˜ืœืช ืจืคืฉ ื‘ืžื•ืจืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ืขื-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืงื“ื•ืžื” ื•ื”ื ืืžื ื” ืฉืžืกืจ ืœื ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ืื™ื ืŸ ื ื•ื’ืขืช ืจืง ืœืฉื—ืฅ ื•ืœื’ืื•ื•ื”, ืืœื ื’ื ืœืจื“ื™ืคืช ื”ื‘ืฆืข ื•ื”ืชืื•ื•ืช, ื•ืืกื‘ื™ืจ: ืื ื—ื•ืงืจื™ ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืœื ื™ืจื•ืžืžื• ืืช ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืื—ื–ื• ื‘ื”ืŸ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ื–ื™ื™ืคื• ื•ื™ื›ืคื™ืฉื• ืืช ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืช ืจื‘ื ื• ื•ื›ืชื‘ื™ื•, ืขืจื•ื•ืชื ืชืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืžืœื•ื ื›ื™ืขื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื”ื ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ื ืฉื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื โ€“ ื•ืื– ืœื ืชื™ืฉืืจ ืœื”ื ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื™ื“ ืจืžื” ื‘ืžื’ื“ืœ ื”ืฉืŸ, ื’ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื, ื”ื™ื•ืงืจื”, ื”ืฉื—ืฅ ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืชื•ืš ืจืžื™ืกืช ืขื“ื•ืช-ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื•ืกื™ืœื•ืงื ื‘ืื•ืคื ื™ื ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืžืžื•ืงื“ื™ ื”ื›ื•ื— ื•ืžืžืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืžืช (ืืžื ื, ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืขืœื” ืชืื ื” ืื• ืื™ื–ื” ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจื•ืช, ืืš ื”ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ืžื’ื“ืœืช ืืช ืื•ืชื ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ืžื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ืจืง ื‘ืขืœื™ ืื•ืคื™ ื›ื ื•ืข ืžืื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืจืคืกื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืขืจืฆื” ืœืื“ื•ื ื™ื”ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืงืฆื™ื โ€“ ื™ืชืงื‘ืœื•).


ื•ืœื›ืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžื•ืงื“ื™ ื”ื›ื•ื— ื‘ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”ื, ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืื•ืคื ื™ื ืžืขึปื•ื•ืชื™ื ืฉื™ืชืื™ืžื• ืœืชืขืœื•ืœื™ื”ื: ื”ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืจื•ืžืžื™ื ืืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืืš ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื’ื ืžื˜ืฉื˜ืฉื™ื ื•ืืฃ ืžื–ื™ื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืช ืจื‘ื ื• ื•ื›ืชื‘ื™ื• ืืฉืจ ืฉื•ืคื›ื™ื ืื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ื ื•ืชื ื•ื ื•ื›ืœื•ืชื. ื•ืขืœ ืฆื‘ื™ืขื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงืจื™ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื—ื•ืงืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ืืชื ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืืžืจ: "ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ ืžื’ื“ืœ ื”ืฉืŸ". ืืžื ื, ื™ืฉ ืžืขื˜ื™ื ืžืื“ ืžืงืจื‘ ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžื ืกื™ื ืงืฆืช ืœื’ืขืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืืžืช, ืืš ื’ื ืืœื” ืื™ื ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™, ื•ืชืžืฆืื• ื’ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืืœื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืœื ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ืจืš ื”ืืžืช, ืืฉืจ ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื•ืœืจื•ืžื ื•ืœืคืืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืžื™ื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื–ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื โ€“ ืฉื”ืจื™ ืกื•ืฃ-ืกื•ืฃ ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื•ื›ื—ืชื™ ื‘ืžืืžืจ ืฉื ื–ื›ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื›ืœ ืžืขืžื“ื, ื™ื•ืงืจืชื, ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื”ื, ื•ืฉืœืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ื ืื” ื”ืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื”ื ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื•ื ื•ืชื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ื•ืžื”, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืื•ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื (ื ื“ื™ืจื™ื ืžืื“) ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื”ืจ ืžื˜ื•ืžืืชื.


ืืชื ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืื—ืช ืœืขื™ื•ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื” ื‘ืžืืžืจ: "ืืžื•ื ื•ืช ืืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ืืฉื›ื ื– (ื—ืœืง ื‘)", ืฉื ื‘ืคืจืง ื’ ื”ืจืื™ืชื™, ื›ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืคืจื•ืค' ื‘ืœืื• ืืฉืจ ืื•ืœื™ ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืจืฉืขื•ืชื ื•ื ื‘ื–ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื”ื›ืจืชื™ โ€“ ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ืฉื˜ืฉ ืืช ื”ืืžืช ืขืœ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืื‘ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ืžื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืฉืงืจ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื ื• ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื•ืฆืืฆืื™ื”ื ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ืชื•ืš ืจืžื™ืกืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืืžืช.


ืืชื ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ื’ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ืœืจืฉืขื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงืจ ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืžืืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืื—ึตืจ: "ืœื™ื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ โ€“ ืจื•ืข ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื’ืœืžื•ืชื•", "ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ืช ืงื˜ืœื ื™ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ืื•ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื", ื•ืœื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืื—ึตืจ, ืจืื•: "ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื›ืจื’ืข ื™ืื‘ื“ื•", ืฉื ื‘ืคืจืง ื™ื.


ืงืฆืจื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืงืจื™ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืœืžื™ื ื™ื”ื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ืžื•ื‘ื”ืง ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื’ืจืช ื–ื• ื™ืฆืื” ืžืชื—ืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ื• ื›ื›ืกื™ืœ ื ื“ืจืŸ, ืคื–ื™ื– ื•ืžื—ื•ืกืจ ื“ืขืช, ืืฉืจ ืงื•ืคืฅ ืžืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช: ืžืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื‘ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ืกื™ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืชืžื•ื”ื™ื ื•ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื ืœืขืจื™ื›ืช ืžืฉืชืื•ืช ื•ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื›ื—ื’ื™ื... ื•ื™ืชืจื” ืืฃ ืžื–ืืช, ื›ื›ืกื™ืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืืœื™ืœื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžืฉืชื˜ื—, ืžืชืคืœืœ ื•ืืฃ ืžื ืฉืง ืงื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ืžืื™ื.


"ื ึดื“ึฐืจึทืฉืึฐืชึผึดื™ ืœึฐืœื•ึนื ืฉืึธืึธืœื•ึผ ื ึดืžึฐืฆึตืืชึดื™ ืœึฐืœึนื ื‘ึดืงึฐืฉืึปื ึดื™ ืึธืžึทืจึฐืชึผึดื™ ื”ึดื ึผึตื ึดื™ ื”ึดื ึผึตื ึดื™ ืึถืœ ื’ึผื•ึนื™ ืœึนื ืงึนืจึธื ื‘ึดืฉืึฐืžึดื™, ืคึผึตืจึทืฉื‚ึฐืชึผึดื™ ื™ึธื“ึทื™ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ืึถืœ ืขึทื ืกื•ึนืจึตืจ ื”ึทื”ึนืœึฐื›ึดื™ื ื”ึทื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ืœึนื ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืึทื—ึทืจ ืžึทื—ึฐืฉืึฐื‘ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถื, ื”ึธืขึธื ื”ึทืžึผึทื›ึฐืขึดื™ืกึดื™ื ืื•ึนืชึดื™ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึธื ึทื™ ืชึผึธืžึดื™ื“ [...] ื”ึทื™ึผึนืฉืึฐื‘ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึทืงึผึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึผื‘ึทื ึผึฐืฆื•ึผืจึดื™ื ื™ึธืœึดื™ื ื•ึผ ื”ึธืึนื›ึฐืœึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึทืจ ื”ึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจ ื•ึผืžึฐืจึทืง ืคึผึดื’ึผึปืœึดื™ื ื›ึผึฐืœึตื™ื”ึถื, ื”ึธืึนืžึฐืจึดื™ื ืงึฐืจึทื‘ ืึตืœึถื™ืšึธ ืึทืœ ืชึผึดื’ึผึทืฉื ื‘ึผึดื™ ื›ึผึดื™ ืงึฐื“ึทืฉืึฐืชึผึดื™ืšึธ ืึตืœึผึถื” ืขึธืฉืึธืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืึทืคึผึดื™ ืึตืฉื ื™ึนืงึถื“ึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื" (ื™ืฉ' ืกื”, ืโ€“ื”).


ื™ื) ื ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช, ื‘ื”ืžืฉื›ื” ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื ื•ื“ืจ ืฉื•ื‘ ื ื“ืจื™ื, ืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืงื• ืœื•: ืฉื ื™ ื™ืžื™ ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฉื’ื–ืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช; ื•ืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืงื• ืœื• ื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ื ื“ืจื™ื• ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื ื“ืจื• ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืžื™ื•; ื•ืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœื• ื”ื ื“ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื‘ืกื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื“ืจ ื‘ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช "ื™ื•ื ืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืžืฉืชื” ื•ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžืชื ื•ืช ืœืื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื", ื”ื•ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื• ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช; ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขื•ื“ ืฉื ื™ ื™ืžื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉื” ื•ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ, ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื’ื ื”ื "ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ื”' ื•ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืชื™ื”". ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืชืจืื• ืฉืกืืช ื”ื ื“ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ื“ืจืŸ ื”ื ืคื—ื– ื”ืœื– ื˜ืจื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื•ืœืฉื•ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื˜ื•ื™ื”...


ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืืฉืืœ: ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื™ื ื“ื•ืจ ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื ื“ืจื™ื? ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ืืžืจ ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืฉื”ื ื ื•ืขื“ื• ื’ื ืœืžืฉืชื”? ืœืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืชื™ื”? ื•ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื”ื‘ื™ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช ื•ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื›ืจืก? ื•ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื ื’ื“ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉืœื ื™ืจื‘ื” ื”ืื“ื ืœื ื“ื•ืจ ืœืžืขื˜ ื ื“ืจื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉ.


"ื›ึผึนื” ืึธืžึทืจ ื™ึฐื™ึธ ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืขึนืœื•ึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื ืกึฐืคื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื–ึดื‘ึฐื—ึตื™ื›ึถื ื•ึฐืึดื›ึฐืœื•ึผ ื‘ึธืฉื‚ึธืจ" (ื™ืจ' ื–, ื›ื).


ื•ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ืœื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ื”ื–ื• ืฆืขืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืื“ื ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืœื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœืงืจื•ืข ืืช ื›ืœ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื•, ื•ื›ึนื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืื‘ืœ (ื˜, ื‘โ€“ื—):


"ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืงื•ืจืข ืื“ื ืขืœ ืื‘ื™ื• ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืžื•, ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืงืจื•ืข ืขืœ [...] ื•ืขืœ ืขืจื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ื•ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื›ืœ ืืœื• ื”ืงืจืขื™ื ืงื•ืจืข ืขื“ ืฉืžื’ืœื” ืืช ืœื™ื‘ื•, ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืื—ื” ืœืขื•ืœื. [...] ื•ืžื ื™ืŸ ืฉืงื•ืจืขื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืขืจื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉื—ืจื‘ื•? ืฉื ืืžืจ: 'ื•ึทื™ึธึผื‘ึนืื•ึผ ืึฒื ึธืฉึดืื™ื ืžึดืฉึฐึผืื›ึถื ืžึดืฉึดึผืืœื•ึน ื•ึผืžึดืฉึนึผืืžึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ืฉึฐืืžึนื ึดื™ื ืึดื™ืฉื ืžึฐื’ึปืœึฐึผื—ึตื™ ื–ึธืงึธืŸ ื•ึผืงึฐืจึปืขึตื™ ื‘ึฐื’ึธื“ึดื™ื' [ื™ืจ' ืžื, ื”]".


ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืืœื” ื™ืฉ ืœืชืžื•ื”: ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืจื‘ื ื•, ื•ืฉื•ืขืœื™ื ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ื•, ืœื™ื•ื ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืžืฉืชื” ื•ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื• ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช? ื•ื”ืœื ืื™ืฉ ืืžืช ื‘ืืžืช, ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื•ื›ื” ื–ื•ืขืง ื•ืžืชื™ื™ืกืจ ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื• ืขืœ ืฆืขืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ืขืœ ื”ืขื“ืจ ืชืคืืจืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ืงื“ืฉื™ื•, ืขืœ ื”ืขื“ืจ ืขื ื—ื›ื ื•ื ื‘ื•ืŸ, ื•ืขืœ ื”ืขื“ืจ ื”ืืžืช ื•ื”ืฆื“ืง. ืืฉืจื™ ืขื™ืŸ ืจืืชื” ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื”ืœื ืœืžืฉืžืข ืื•ื–ืŸ ื“ืื‘ื” ื ืคืฉื ื•, ื•ื›ืœ-ืฉื›ืŸ ื•ืงืœ-ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ ืœืžืจืื” ืขื™ื ื™ื ื•...


ื•ืขื•ืœื ื”ืคื•ืš ืจืื™ืชื™: ืขืœ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืขืœ ื”ื”ืฆืœื” ืžืžื•ื•ืช ื‘ืกืขืจืช ื”ื™ื โ€“ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืขืœ-ื’ื‘ื™ ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืœื“ื•ืจื™-ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ืืš ืขืœ ืจืื™ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืงื•ื‘ืข ื™ื•ื ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืžืฉืชื” ื•ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื• ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช?


ื•ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืฉืชื™ื ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ื”ืฉืชื™ื”, ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื“ืขื•ืช (ื”, ื‘), ื•ืื ืืœื• ื”ื ื ื“ืจื™ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ืฉ"ืจื‘ื ื•" ื ื“ืจ, ื”ืœื ื™ืฉื ื ืขื•ื“ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ื•ืžืื•ืช ื ื“ืจื™ื ืฉ"ืจื‘ื ื•" ื ื“ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืฉืชื” ื•ืฉืขืฉื•ืขื™ื, ื•ื›ึนื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื“ืขื•ืช ืฉื:


"ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ืจื’ืจืŸ, ืืœื ืื•ื›ืœ ืžืื›ืœ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื‘ืจื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื•, ื•ืœื ื™ืื›ืœ ืžืžื ื• ืื›ื™ืœื” ื’ืกื”. ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื ืจื•ื“ืฃ ืœืžืœื ื‘ื˜ื ื• ื›ึผึฐืึตืœึผื•ึผ ืฉืžืชืžืœืื™ืŸ ืžืžืื›ืœ ื•ืžืฉืชื” ืขื“ ืฉืชืคื•ึผื— ื›ืจืกืŸ [ื‘ืžืืคื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืžื ื™ื ื”ื ื’ืขืœื™ื ื‘ื›ื ืกื™ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื”]. ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืงื‘ืœื”: 'ื•ึฐื–ึตืจึดื™ืชึดื™ ืคึถืจึถืฉื ืขึทืœ ืคึฐึผื ึตื™ื›ึถื ืคึถึผืจึถืฉื ื—ึทื’ึตึผื™ื›ึถื' [ืžืœ' ื‘, ื’]. ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื: ืืœื• ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉืื•ื›ืœื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื•ืชื™ืŸ ื•ืขื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื”ื ื›ื—ื’ื™ื".


ื™ื‘) ื ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช: "ื•ืฉื ื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื•, ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื•ืชืฉื™ืขื™ ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ, ื ื“ืจืชื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ื”' ื•ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืชื™ื”. ืืœื”ื™ื ื™ืขื–ืจื ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœ, ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืœื™ 'ื ึฐื“ึธืจึทื™ ืœึทื™ื™ึธ ืึฒืฉึทืืœึตึผื' [ืชื”' ืงื˜ื–, ื™ื“], ืืžืŸ". ืื•ืœื, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืจื‘ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืืจ ืืช ื ื“ืจื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ! ื•ืื™ืš ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื™ืืžืจ ืขืœ ื ื“ืจื™ื• ืฉื”ื ื‘ื’ื“ืจ "ื ื“ืจื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉ"? ื•ื›ื™ ื ื“ืจื™ ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืชื™ื” ื•ืžืฉืชื” ื•ืฉืขืฉื•ืขื™ื ื”ื ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ื ื“ืจื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉ?


"ื›ึผึดื™ ื›ึผึธืœ ืฉืึปืœึฐื—ึธื ื•ึนืช ืžึธืœึฐืื•ึผ ืงึดื™ื ืฆึนืึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืœึดื™ ืžึธืงื•ึนื" (ื™ืฉ' ื›ื—, ื—).


ื™ื’) ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืœื ืžืกืชืคืง ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื“ืจื™ื ืฉื ื“ืจ, ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืื•ืžืจ: "ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื•ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื-ืขืฉืจ ื‘ืกื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ืจืื” ื”' ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ ื•ื‘ื ืื—ื™ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื, ื•ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ืชืขื ื™ืช". ืื•ืœื, ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ืขืœ ื—ื–ืจืช ืื—ื™ื• ื‘ืฉืœื•ื, ืื™ื ื• ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื›ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื”ื•ื“ื™ื” ื›ึผึตื ื” ืœื”' ื™ืชืขืœื”? ืขืœ ืžื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืœื”ืชืื‘ืœ ื•ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช? ื•ื”ืœื ืจืง ืขืœ ืžื™ืชื” ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืึตื‘ึถืœ ื•ืฉื›ื•ืœ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื•ื ื•ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื•ืกืง ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื ื“ืจื™ื (ื’, ื”): "ื”ืจื™ ืฉืžืช ืื‘ื™ื• ืื• ืจื‘ื• ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ื ื“ืจ ืฉื™ืฆื•ื ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื" ื•ื›ื•'.


ืืœื, ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ืฉื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื•ื“ื•ืžื™ื”ื ืœืขื™ืœ, ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืžื’ืœื” ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืคืจื•-ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืขื•ืช. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืขื•ืœื”, ืฉื”ืกื’ืคื ื•ืช ื•ืขื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ื ื›ืžื• ืืžื™ืจืช ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื”' ื•ื”ื ืจืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”'! ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืข ื•ืœื ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ืฉื›ื” ื™ืชื”ืœืš, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื, ื”ืกื’ืคื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืืœื ืœื™ื™ืฉืจ ื•ืœืื–ืŸ ืืช ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื, ืœื ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื ื—ืŸ ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืฆื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื”' ื™ืชืขืœื” ืฉืžื•! ื›ื™ ืขืฆื ื”ืกื’ืคื ื•ืช ื•ืขื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื›ืฉืœืขืฆืžื ืื™ื ื ืจืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื• ื›ืœืœ! ืจืง ื‘ื“ืช ื”ื ื•ืฆืจื™ืช ื•ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ื“ืชื•ืช ืืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช, ื”ืกื’ืคื ื•ืช ื•ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ื ื˜ืงืกื™ ื”ื•ื“ื™ื” ืฉื’ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ืœืืœื™ืœ ืื• ืœืืœื™ืœื™ื ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืืฉืจ "ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื™ืคื”" ืืช ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื™ ื”ืกื’ืคื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื (ื•ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืจืื• ื‘ืžืืžืจ: 'ืกื’ืคื ื•ืช ื›ื•ืžืจื™ ืื“ื•ื').


ื™ื“) ืื—ืชื•ื ืืช ื”ืขืจื•ืชื™ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื‘ื”ืขืจื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืื•ืคื ื™ื ืžืื“ ืžืงื•ื˜ืขื™ื, ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืงื•ืคืฅ ืžืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืžื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืฉืจ ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ-ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื›ืžื” ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืœืคืกืงื” ืื—ืช. ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื™ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื™ื’ืจืช ืžืงื•ื˜ืขืช ืฉื›ื–ืืช, ืืฉืจ ืžืขื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ืจื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื“ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช?


ืกื•ืฃ ื“ื‘ืจ


ืขืœ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื”ื–ื•ื™ื” ื•ื”ืคื’ืื ื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืœืช ื‘ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืชื• (ืขืž' ืจื›ื“โ€“ืจื›ื•): "ืœืื™ื’ืจืช ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื•, ืฉื ืฉืœื—ื” ืœืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืืœ ืจ' ื™ืคืช ื‘ืจ' ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื ื•ื“ืขืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช ืจื‘ื”. ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื” [...] ืื ืืžื ื ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืžื ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ืื•ืคื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ: ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืงืจื‘ืช ืืœื”ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื•, ื•ืขืœ ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืชื• ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช, ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืงืคื•ืช ื’ื ืžืŸ ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ืœืจ' ื™ืคืช". ื”ืืžื ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืื™ื’ืจืช ื–ื• ืขืœ ืื•ืคื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื•? ื•ื›ืžื” ืจึธื—ึทืง ืžืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื•! ื•ืื™ืš ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉ"ื—ื•ืงืจ ืจืžื‘"ื" ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืจื—ื•ืง ืžื“ืจื›ื• ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื•? ืืœื, ืœื ืœื—ื™ื ื ืืžืจืชื™ ืœืขื™ืœ ืฉื—ื•ืงืจื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื ื–ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืœืชื•ืขืœืช, ื›ื™ ืžื˜ืจืชื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืœื•ืฃ ื•ื–ื™ื•ืฃ ื•ืขื™ื•ื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืชืื™ืžื• ืœืžื ื”ื’ื™ "ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ื—ื•ืช" ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ "ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืช" ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ ื”ื ื’ืขืœ ื”ืžืกื•ืื‘ ื•ื”ืžื‘ื—ื™ืœ ืฉืœื”ื.


ื•ืžื™ ืื™ืžืฅ ืืœ ื—ื™ืงื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื–ื• ื•ื’ื™ืคืฃ ื•ื—ื™ื‘ืง ื•ื ื™ืฉืง ืื•ืชื”? ื”ืœื ื”ื•ื "ืกืคืจ ื—ืจื“ื™ื" ืฉื—ื™ื‘ืจ ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื•ื˜ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื•ื–ื™ืžืชื™ ื‘ืฆืคืช ื”ืคื’ืื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื” ื”ื™"ื•, ืฉื ืจืฉืขื™ื ื™ืจืงื‘, ื•ื”ืœืš ื”ื–ืจื–ื™ืจ ืืฆืœ ื”ืขื•ืจื‘, ื•ืžืฆื ืžื™ืŸ ืืช ืžื™ื ื• ื•ื ืขื•ืจ, ืชืจืชื™ ืžืฉืžืข, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื›ืจื’ืข ื™ืื‘ื“ื•...


"ื•ึทืชึฐึผื”ึดื™ ื”ึธืึฑืžึถืช ื ึถืขึฐื“ึถึผืจึถืช ื•ึฐืกึธืจ ืžึตืจึธืข ืžึดืฉึฐืืชึผื•ึนืœึตืœ" (ื™ืฉ' ื ื˜, ื˜ื•).


ื ืกืคื—: ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืขื™ื” ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืงื”


ื”ื™ื” ืžืืŸ-ื“ื”ื• ืฉื ื™ืกื” ืœืชืขืชืข, ื•ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ื ื•:


ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื ื“ืจ ืœืฆื•ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฆืœื”: ืื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื–ืจ, ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื‘ื•ึน ืจืก"ื’ ื‘ืืžื•"ื“ (ืขืž' ืงืœื”):


"ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืžืขื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ืžืฉื” ืื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืชื•ืจืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง, ืืœื ื ืชื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืžื—ืžืช ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ืฉืื™ืจืขื• ืœืขืžื•, ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžื™ ืฉื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ื•ื ื“ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืœืฆื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ื™, ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืืคืฉืจื™ ืœื–ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช-ื›ืŸ ืžื”ื›ืจืข ื“ืขืชื•, ื›ืš ืืคืฉืจื™ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืขื”ื• ืœื• ืืœื•ื”ื•".


ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื™:


ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื˜ืข ืฉืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืžืœืžื“, ืฉืจืก"ื’ ืžืชืืจ ื‘ื• ืืช ื“ืขื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ืคืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื”! ื›ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืžื ื• ืžืื•ืžื” ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ืจืก"ื’ ืขืœ ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืชืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฆืœื” ืคืœืื™ืช. ื›ืœ-ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉืจืก"ื’ ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืงื˜ืข: "ื•ื›ืœ ืืœื•, ื™ืจื—ืžืš ื”', ื”ื˜ืจื“ื•ืช ืœื ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ืžื”ืŸ ืขื ื”ืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืื•ืžื”". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืจืก"ื’ ื”ื™ื” ืกืžื•ืš ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉื ืฉื‚ื›ื™ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ื˜ืจื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืื•ืคืกื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.


ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ืงื˜ืข ืฉื ืœืคื ื™ื›ื ื‘ืžืœื•ืื•:


"ื•ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ [ื”ื˜ื™ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ืคืจ ืฉื˜ืขืŸ ืฉืชื•ืจืช ืžืฉื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœ ื•ืœื”ืชื—ืœืฃ] ืืžืจ: ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจื™ ืฉืชื”ื ืชื•ืจืช-ืžืฉื” ื–ื•ืœืช ืชื•ืจืช-ืื‘ืจื”ื ื›ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืชื”ื ืชื•ืจื” ื–ื•ืœืช ืชื•ืจืช ืžืฉื”. ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืžืขื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจืช-ืžืฉื” ืื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืชื•ืจืช-ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง, ืืœื ื ืชื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืžื—ืžืช ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ืฉืื™ืจืขื• ืœืขืžื•. ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžื™ ืฉื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ื•ื ื“ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืœืฆื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ื™. ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืืคืฉืจื™ ืœื–ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช-ื›ืŸ ืžื”ื›ืจืข ื“ืขืชื•, ื›ืš ืืคืฉืจื™ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืขื”ื• ืœื• ืืœื•ื”ื• [ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ืื• ื™ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื• ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืžื ื”]. ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื”ื•ืกืคื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ, ืื-ื›ืŸ, ืžื™ ืฉื”ืชื ื“ื‘ ืชืคื™ืœื” ืื• ืฆื•ื ืื• ืฆื“ืงื” ืžื‘ื˜ืœ ื”ื•ื ืืช ืชื•ืจืชื•, ื•ืื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืชื™ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื”, ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืชื•ืจืชื•, ื•ื™ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฉื™ื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื–ื” [ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืคืจ]. ื•ื›ืœ ืืœื•, ื™ืจื—ืžืš ื”', ื”ื˜ืจื“ื•ืช ืœื ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ืžื”ืŸ ืขื ื”ืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืื•ืžื”".


ืœืคื™ ื”ื›ื•ืคืจ, ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื ื• ื‘ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™ ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ืชื•ืกืคืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœืคื™ ื”ื›ื•ืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื•ืœื”ื•ืกืคื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”' ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” โ€“ ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืืœื” ื”ื‘ืœ ืžื”ื•ื‘ืœ, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื•ื ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ืš ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ื‘ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™ ืื™ื ืŸ ืชื•ืกืคืช ืขืœ ืฉื•ื ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื”ื›ื•ืคืจ "ืžื•ื›ื™ื—" ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืœื’ืจื•ืข ืžื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ืœืžืฉื” ื‘ืกื™ื ื™, ืžื›ืš ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœืื“ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืขืฆืžื• ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืžื”ื›ืจืข ื“ืขืชื•, ื•ืื ืœืื“ื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืžื”ื›ืจืข ื“ืขืชื•, ื’ื ื”ืืœื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืื“ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ืื–ื”ืจื•ืช ืžื”ื›ืจืข ื“ืขืชื• โ€“ ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื’ื ื˜ืขื ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ืœ ืžื”ื•ื‘ืœ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ืื“ื ืงื•ื‘ืข ืœืขืฆืžื• ืื• ืฉื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืœืขื-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื™ืŸ ืชื•ืงืคืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืœืœ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ! ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืืฃ ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืคืกืง ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช.


ืงืฆืจื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ื›ื•ืคืจ ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ื”ื–ื” ืžืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ืœื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืข ืื• ืชืงื ื” ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื• ืœื”ื—ืœืคืชื”! ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื ืชืŸ ื›ื•ื— ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช ืœืขื-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืืฃ ืึดืคืฉืจ ืœืื“ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืขืฆืžื• ืฆื•ืžื•ืช. ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืžืฉื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืคืกื™ืง ืื—ื“ ืžืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืœื ื”ืชื•ืจื”-ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื•ืœื ื”ืชื•ืจื”-ืฉื‘ืขืœ-ืคื” (ื•ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืื• ืœื’ืจื•ืข ืžื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืจืื• ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืชืฉื™ืขื™ ืžื™"ื’ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช).


ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืจืก"ื’ ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื›ื•ืคืจ: "ื•ื›ืœ ืืœื•, ื™ืจื—ืžืš ื”', ื”ื˜ืจื“ื•ืช ืœื ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ืžื”ืŸ ืขื ื”ืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืื•ืžื”". ื ืžืฆื, ืฉื”ื˜ืขื ื” ืœืคื™ื” "ืžื™ ืฉื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ื•ื ื“ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืœืฆื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ื™, ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืืคืฉืจื™ ืœื–ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช-ื›ืŸ ืžื”ื›ืจืข ื“ืขืชื•, ื›ืš ืืคืฉืจื™ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืขื”ื• ืœื• ืืœื•ื”ื•", ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ืคืจ, ืืฉืจ ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื˜ืœื” ื•ื”ื•ื—ืœืคื” ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”' ื™ืชืขืœื” ืฉืžื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืกื•ืจ ืื—ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืื—ืจืช. ื•ื‘ืžืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืฆื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฆืœื” ืคืœืื™ืช ืžืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืคืจื™ื!

ื”ืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ืžื–ื•ื™ืคืช ืœื™ืคืช
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