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ื•ื ื”ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื ื• ื›ื—ื’ื‘ื™ื

ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื’ื‘ืขืชื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืกื“ื™ืจ, ืื™ืจืขื” ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช ืฉื”ืฉืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™. ื’ื“ืœืชื™ ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ืช ืจืžืช-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข ื“ืชื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื–ืžื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืคืขื™ืœ ืฉื ื’ืจืขื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื—ืจื“ื™ ืฉืขืกืง ื‘"ื”ื—ื–ืจื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”". ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื’ืจืขื™ืŸ ืกื™ื’ืœื• ืœืขืฆืžื ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ื”ืืจืช ืคื ื™ื ื•ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช ื ืขื™ืžื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื–ื•ืœืชื ื•ืœื”ื—ื“ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืชื ื”ืกื•ืคื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืฉื™ื›ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื›ื•ื—ื ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™.


ืื—ื™ ื”ื™"ื•, ืฉืฆืขื™ืจ ืžืžื ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืฆื™, ืœืžื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ืช-ืžื“ืขื™ืช ื•ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืกืฃ ืกื™ื•ื ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืช. ื“ื ืขืงื, ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ื™"ื‘, ื”ื•ื ื ืชืคืก ืœืื•ืชื• ื’ืจืขื™ืŸ ื—ืจื“ื™ ื•ื”ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื•ืชื• ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ืช-ืžื“ืขื™ืช ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ื ื™-ื‘ืจืง. ื•ืื›ืŸ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื”, ืื—ื™, ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืžืฆื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืขืจืš ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืชื•, ืขื–ื‘ ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื• ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืกื™ื•ื, ื•ื”ื—ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ืงืจืœื™ืŸ-ืกื˜ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื”ื ื’ืขืœื” (ื•ืื™ื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื–ืืช ื›ืžืฉืœ, ืืœื ื›ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืžืžืฉื™ ื•ืžื•ื—ืฉื™), ืœืื•ืžืœืœื™ื ืืฉืจ ื ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืคื— ื”ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืกื™ืœื™ื.


ืื‘ื™ ืžืจื™ ื–"ืœ, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ืื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืคื•ืขืœ ืœืœื ื—ืช ื•ืœืœื ืžื•ืจื, ืœื ื•ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื•, ื•ื ื™ืกื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ืช-ืžื“ืขื™ืช, ืืš ืื•ืชื• ื’ืจืขื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื—ืจื“ื™ ืคืขืœ ื‘ืชื—ื›ื•ื. ืื—ื“ ืžืคึผึฐืขื™ืœื™ื• ื”ื™ื” ืฉืžืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืงื ื™ื™ื‘ืกืงื™ ืฉืจ"ื™, ื•ืื•ืชื• ืฉืžืฉ ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืคืกืง ื”ืœื›ื” ืžืืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืฅ, ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืจื” ืœืื—ื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื—ืจืฅ, ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืœืืœืชืจ ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ืช-ืžื“ืขื™ืช, ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืงืจืœื™ืŸ-ืกื˜ื•ืœื™ืŸ (ื›ืžืกืคืจ ืขืจื™ืš ื”ื™ื• ืืœื”ื™ืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”). ืื•ืชื• ืคืกืง ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืื—ื™ ืžืื“, ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื ืืžืจ ืžืคื™-ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉื›ื ืขื• ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื•.


ื. ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœืจื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื“ื”


ื‘ืฆืจ ืœื•, ืื‘ื™ ืข"ื” ืคื ื” ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ืจื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื“ื” ื”ืฉื‚ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืžืžืกื“ื™ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื›ืชื‘ื• "ืคืกืง ื”ืœื›ื”" ืฉื™ื•ืจื” ืœืื—ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ื ืงื•ื“ื ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื•, ื•ืื—ืจ-ื›ืš, ืื ื™ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืงืจืœื™ืŸ-ืกื˜ื•ืœื™ืŸ โ€“ ื”ื•ื ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ, ืืš ืงื•ื“ื ืขืœื™ื• ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื• (ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ ืข"ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืื—ื™ ื™ืชื—ื–ืง ื•ื™ื—ื“ืœ ืžืฉืื™ืคืชื•). ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืื‘ื™ ืคื ื” ืืœื™ื•, ื’ืœื’ืœ ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื•ื™ื“ื™ื• ืœืžืจื•ื ื•ืืžืจ: ืื "ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ" ืงื ื™ื™ื‘ืกืงื™ ื”ื•ืจื” ืœื‘ื ืš ืœืœื›ืช ืœืงืจืœื™ืŸ-ืกื˜ื•ืœื™ืŸ, ืื™ืš ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจืช?


ืื‘ื™ ืจืื” ืฉื”ื™ืฉื•ืขื” ืœื ืชื‘ื•ื ืžืื•ืชื• ืžื—ื•ืกืจ-ื“ืขืช ืžืžืกื“ื™ ืฉื‚ื›ื™ืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืœืš ืœืจื™"ืฉ-ื‘ื™"ืช ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืื—ึตืจ. ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจ ื”ืžืžืกื“ื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื•ื“ืขื™-ื“ืช-ื•ื“ื™ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจืคื” ืฉื›ืœ ื›ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ืจื’ืฉื™ ื ื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื›ึนึผื” ืขื–ื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื”ืืกืœื” ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื, ืืš ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ ืœื”ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืœืข ืœื• ื•ืœืงืจื“ื•ืžื• ื•ืกื™ืจื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ื™ืจ ื•ืžื•ืจื“. ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืืžืชืœืชื•? ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉืฉ ืžืจื“ื™ืคืช ื”ืขื“ื” ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ืช, ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืกื›ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื—ื™ืฆื™ื”ื ื”ืืจืกื™ื™ื. ื‘ืžืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื™ืจืืช ืฉื™ืงื•ืฅ ื˜ืžื‘ืœืกืงื™ ืฉื™ืชืงื” ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ื™ืจืืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ืฅ ื˜ืžื‘ืœืกืงื™ ืฉื™ืชืงื” ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™.


ื›ืš ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื”, ื‘ืจื, ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื ืชื‘ืจืจื” ืœื™ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ืœืื ื•ื›ื™ื•ืชื• ื•ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™"ืฉ-ื‘ื™"ืช ื”ืฉื ื™, ื•ื”ื™ื ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื›ืš ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืฃ ื‘ืฆืข ืฉืฉื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืงืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ืื” ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื ื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ, ืฉื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืจืง ืืช ืขืฆืžื•, ื”ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•, ืžืขืžื“ื•, ื™ื•ืงืจืชื•, ืฉื‚ืจืจืชื•, ืงืฉืจื™ื• ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื, ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืฉืœืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ื ืื” ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื ืช ื—ืœืงื•. ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืชื• ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ืจ' ื™ื•ืกืฃ (ืขืž' ืงืœื): "ื•ืจื•ื‘ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื“ืช ืžื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉื‚ืจืจื” ื”ืœืœื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื‚ืจืจื” ื ืขืœืžืช ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื".


ืื‘ื™ ืœื ืืžืจ ื ื•ืืฉ ื•ื ืกืข ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืืคื—. ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืืช ืขื–ืจืชื•. ืœื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืงืืคื— ื™ื™ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืขืžื“ ืžื ื’ื“, ื•ื ืขืชืจ ืœื‘ืงืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ ืœืฉื•ื—ื— ืขื ืื—ื™. ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื”, ืื‘ื™ ื ืกืข ืขื ืื—ื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืืช ืงืืคื— ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื• ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื”ื ืฉื•ื—ื—ื• ื™ื—ื“ื™ื•, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืงืืคื— ืฉื•ื—ื— ืขื ืื—ื™ ืฉืขื” ืืจื•ื›ื”. ื‘ืชื•ื ื”ืฉื™ื—ื” ืงืืคื— ืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ืื—ื™ ืฉื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ืช-ืžื“ืขื™ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื™ืชืŸ ืœื• ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืœื›ืœ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช-ื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉื™ืจืฆื” (ืืฃ ืฉื’ื ืฉื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžื—ืœืœื™ื-ืฉื-ืฉืžื™ื). ืืžื ื, ื’ื ืงืืคื— ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืคืกืง ืฉื™ื”ื•ื•ื” ืžืฉืงืœ-ื ื’ื“ ืœืคืกืง-ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉื™ืงื•ืฅ ื˜ืžื‘ืœืกืงื™, ืืš ืฉื™ื—ืชื• ืขื ืื—ื™ ืฉื›ื ืขื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ืขืจื™ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืงืจืœื™ืŸ-ืกื˜ื•ืœื™ืŸ, ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ืช-ืžื“ืขื™ืช, ื•ืœืกื™ื™ื ืฉื ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื•.


ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืื—ื™ ืขื–ื‘ ืืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืงืจืœื™ืŸ-ืกื˜ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื”ืืœื™ืœื™ืช, ื—ื–ืจ ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ืช-ืžื“ืขื™ืช, ืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื• ื‘ื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” "ืงืจื ื™ ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ". ืื’ื‘, ื’ื ืฉื ืžื˜ืžื˜ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžื—ื“ื™ืจื™ื ืœื”ื ื”ื–ื™ื•ืช. ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืžืื‘ืงื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ ืžืจื™ ืข"ื” ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื•ื•ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื• ื•ืœื ืึดืคืฉืจ ืœืžื™ื ื™ื ืœืœื›ื•ื“ ืืช ืื—ื™ ื•ืœื”ืฉื—ื™ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉื—ื™ืจ ืืช ื ืคืฉื• ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ื ื’ืขืœื•ืช, ื•ื–ื›ื•ืจื ื™ ืฉืื‘ื ืžืจื™ ืข"ื” ืืžืจ ืœื™ ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืฆืืฆืื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื: "ืฉื”ื ืžื˜ืžื˜ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื".


ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืœืื—ื•ืจ, ืื™ื ื™ ืชืžื” ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืจื“ืขืช ื”ืžืžื•ืกื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืจืคื” ืฉื›ืœ ืžืื“ ื•ืžื•ื—ื• ืขึปื•ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื–ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ืœื•ึผืช ืฉืœ ืฆืืฆืื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืžื•, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื”ืคืชื™ ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืชื• ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ืจ' ื™ื•ืกืฃ (ืขืž' ืงื›ื—):


"ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžืจ ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื”ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ืคืชื™ ืžืื“, ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืงืจื ืœืขืฆืžื• [=ืชื™ืืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ื• ืœืจื‘ื ื•] 'ื•ึฐื™ึธื’ึทืข ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžืฉื ื•ื”ืžืชืŸ ื•ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ', ื•ืžื“ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื•ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื”ื™ืฉื’ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช [...]. [ื•ืื™ื ื• ืืœื] ื–ืงืŸ ืžืกื›ืŸ ื‘ืืžืช ืกื›ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืžื• ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืœืžื“ ืขืœื™ื• ื–ื›ื•ืช ื›ืคื™ ืกื›ืœื•ืชื•".


ื‘ืจื, ืจื•ื“ืฃ ื”ื‘ืฆืข ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™, ืื•ืชื• ืจื™"ืฉ-ื‘ื™"ืช ืžืชื•ื—ื›ื ื”ื™ื ื• ืžื™ื•ื“ืขื™-ื“ืช-ื•ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื›ื™ืจ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ื›ืœ ื ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื”ื ืžืขืœืœื™ื”ื ื•ืชืขืœื•ืœื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื•ืฆืืฆืื™ื”ื (ืืฃ ืฉื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ื”ื•ื ืžืขืจื™ืฆื ืžื”ืœืœื ื•ืžืคืืจื), ื•ืืฃ-ืขืœ-ืคื™-ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืช ืื—ื™ ืœืฉื™ื—ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื ืกื” ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื•ืชื• ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืžื“ืขื™ืช! ื•ื”ืชืื•ื•ื” ื•ืจื“ื™ืคืช ื”ื”ื‘ืœ ืฉื™ืชืงื” ืื•ืชื• ื•ืืฃ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื” ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืœื ื“ืจื™ื (ื“, ื’):


"ื•ืื ื™ ืชืžื” ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืขื™ื•ื•ืจื” ืื•ืชื ื”ืชืื•ื•ื” ื•ื”ื›ื—ื™ืฉื• ืืช ื”ืืžืช, ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื• ืœืขืฆืžื ื”ืงืฆื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื [=ืคืกื™ืงืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืชื™-ื”ื“ื™ืŸ] ื•ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ [=ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”], ื•ื ืชืœื• ื‘ืจืื™ื•ืช ืงืœื•ืฉื•ืช".


ื‘. ืึทื™ึผึธื ืึตืคื•ึนื ื—ึฒื›ึธืžึถื™ืšึธ?


ื”ืกื›ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืื•ื•ื” ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื• ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ืจื™ื—ื•ืงื ืžื“ืจืš ื”ืืžืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ืš ืืช ืขื•ืœืžื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื”ื ื“ืขืช ืœื”ื™ื—ืœืฅ ืœืขื–ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™, ื•ืืฃ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื ืขื•ื– ื•ืชืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื•ื”ื ื ื›ื ืขื• ืœืจื’ืฉื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื•ืœื—ืจื“ื” ืฉืื—ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื ืฉืžื ื™ื‘ื•ืœืข ืœืžืขืžื“ื ืœื™ื•ืงืจืชื ื•ืœืฉืจืจืชื. ืื›ื™ืœืชื ื•ื–ืœื™ืœืชื ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื–ื™ื”ืžื” ื•ื˜ืžื˜ืžื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื.


ืื•ืชื ื›ื•ืžืจื™-ื“ืช ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืคืœื™ื ื›ืžืจื’ืœื™ ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ื ืืžืจ: "ื•ึทื ึผึฐื”ึดื™ ื‘ึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื›ึผึทื—ึฒื’ึธื‘ึดื™ื ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ื”ึธื™ึดื™ื ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ื”ึถื" (ื‘ืž' ื™ื’, ืœื’). ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื™ื• ืฉืชื™ ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืจื’ืœื™ื ื”ื—ื•ื˜ืื™ื, ื”ื™ื• ื—ืœื•ืฉื™-ื“ืขืช ืฉืจืื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื›ืืคืกื™ื ืžืื•ืคืกื™ื, ื•ืืœื” ื”ื™ื• ืฉืืžืจื•: "ื•ึทื ึผึฐื”ึดื™ ื‘ึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื›ึผึทื—ึฒื’ึธื‘ึดื™ื". ืืš ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื’ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ืขืจืš ืขืฆืžื, ืืš ื—ืฉืฉื• ืžื›ืš ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ืจืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ื›ื—ื’ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืืœื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืืžืจื•: "ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ื”ึธื™ึดื™ื ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ื”ึถื", ืืฃ-ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืฉื”ื ื™ื“ืขื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ื›ื—ื’ื‘ื™ื. ื ืžืฆื, ื›ื™ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืืคืกื•ืชื ื”ืขืฆืžื™ืช ื•ืžื•ืจืื ืžื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื, ื’ืจืžื• ืœืขื•ื•ืŸ ื—ืžื•ืจ ื•ึผืœึฐืžื•ึนืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ!


ืื•ื™ ืœื”ื ืœืื•ืชื ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื•ื˜ืžื™ื ืืฉืจ ื–ื ื—ื• ืืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืืžืช, ื•ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืชื•ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื”ื‘ืœ ืืฉืจ ืœื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื™ืœ, ืื•ื™ ืœื”ื ืฉื”ืคื›ื• ืœืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ืจื•ื“ืคื™ ื‘ืฆืข ื•ืฉืœืžื•ื ื™ื, ืื•ื™ ืœื”ื ืฉื”ืชืžื›ืจื• ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืœืฉื‚ืจืจื”, ืœืžืขืžื“ ื•ืœื™ื•ืงืจื”, ืœื›ื•ื— ื•ืœืงืฉืจื™ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื, ืื•ื™ ืœื”ื ืฉื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื: "ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืขึธืฉึธื‚ื” ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืึถืช ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื™ึธืฉึธืืจ ื•ึฐื”ึตืžึธึผื” ื‘ึดืงึฐืฉืื•ึผ ื—ึดืฉึฐึผืื‘ึนื ื•ึนืช ืจึทื‘ึดึผื™ื" (ืงื”' ื–, ื›ื˜). ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื”ื ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื ื’ืจืžื• ืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืืช ื”ืืžืช ืืจืฆื” ืขื“ ืฉื”ื ืขืฆืžื ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืชื” โ€“ ื•ื–ื”ื• ืขื•ื ืฉื ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ืชื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชื”ื• ื•ื”ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ืจืžื™ื” (ื‘, ื”): "ื•ึทื™ึตึผืœึฐื›ื•ึผ ืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ื”ึทื”ึถื‘ึถืœ ื•ึทื™ึถึผื”ึฐื‘ึธึผืœื•ึผ". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื›ืช ื”ืืžืช ืืจืฆื” ื•ื”ืคื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืจืฃ ืœื“ืจืš ื”ืฆื“ืง ื•ื”ืžื™ืฉืจื™ื, ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ืืช ืื•ืจ ื”ืืžืช.


"ื•ึฐืชึทืฉึฐืืœึตืšึฐ ืึฑืžึถืช ืึทืจึฐืฆึธื”" (ื“ื ' ื—, ื™ื‘), "ื•ึฐืขึทืชึธึผื” ืœึนื ืจึธืื•ึผ ืื•ึนืจ โ€“ ื‘ึธึผื”ึดื™ืจ ื”ื•ึผื ื‘ึทึผืฉึฐึผืื—ึธืงึดื™ื" (ืื™ื•ื‘ ืœื–, ื›ื).


ื’. ืขื‘ื“ืืœืœื” ื”ืžืฆืจื™


ื”ื›ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืžืžืกื“ื™ื™ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื”ืชืจืคืก ื•ืœื”ื—ื ื™ืฃ ืœืื ืฉื™ ืฉื‚ืจืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžื”ื ืฉืขืฉื• ืœื”ื ืฉื ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชื—ื›ืš ื‘ืžืจื“ืขืช ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ืœื”ืชื’ื•ืœืœ ื‘ืกื™ืจื—ื•ื ื ื•ื‘ืคืจืกื•ืžื. ื•ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ืžื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ืจื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื“ื”, ืžื™ื•ื“ืขื™-ื“ืช-ื•ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื–ื•ืœืœื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ื›ืžื•ืจื” ื”ืžืžืกื“ื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ื ืกืข ืœืขื‘ื“ืืœืœื” ื”ืžืฆืจื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืžื ื• ืกื˜ื™ืจื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช... ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ืœื—ื™ื• ื‘ื”ื›ื ืขื” ืœืขื‘ื“ืืœืœื” ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืขื‘ื“ืืœืœื” ืžืคืœื™ืง ืœื• ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื• ื•ื–ืงื ื•, ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืœื ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื• ื–ืจื–ื™ืฃ ืฉืœ ืืžืช. ื•ืžื” ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืขื‘ื“ืืœืœื” ื”ืžืฆืจื™ ืขืœ ืื•ืชื• ืฉื›ื™ืจ ืžืžืกื“ื™? ื”ื ื”, ื’ื ื”ืชื™ืžื ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื ืจื•ื“ืคื™ ื‘ืฆืข ื•ืจื•ื“ืคื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืฉืจืจื”, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืชื™ืžื ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื“ืขื™ื ืืฉืจ ืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ืžืฉื ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื’ืจื•ื ื... ื•ื ืžืฆื ืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ืžืชื—ืœืœ.


ื•ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ืื•ืชื• ื›ื•ืžืจ ืžืžืกื“ื™ ืื•ืจืชื•ื“ื•ืงืกื™ ืžืžื•ืฆื ืชื™ืžื ื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื—ืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉืื•ืœ, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืฉืื•ืœ ืžืจื“ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ื•ืœื ื”ื—ืจื™ื ืืช ืื’ื’ ืžืœืš ืขืžืœืง ื•ืืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื”ืฆืืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจ (ืฉ"ื ื˜ื•, ื™ื–โ€“ื›ื•):


"ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึถืจ ืฉึฐืืžื•ึผืึตืœ: ื”ึฒืœื•ึนื ืึดื ืงึธื˜ึนืŸ ืึทืชึธึผื” ื‘ึฐึผืขึตื™ื ึถื™ืšึธ ืจึนืืฉื ืฉึดืื‘ึฐื˜ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ืึธืชึธึผื” [ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ืœื‘ื–ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉื—ื™ืช ืืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืืžืช ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ืฉื—ืชืชื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ืš ืฉื-ืฉืžื™ื-ืžืชื—ืœืœ] ื•ึทื™ึดึผืžึฐืฉึธืื—ึฒืšึธ ื™ึฐื™ึธ ืœึฐืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืขึทืœ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ [ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืžืขื– ืœื‘ื–ื•ืช ืืช ื“ืจืš ืื‘ื•ืชื™ืš ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ืœื—ื™ื™ืš ืœืคืœื™ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื– ืขื™ื•ื•ืจืช?]. [...] ื•ึฐืœึธืžึธึผื” ืœึนื ืฉึธืืžึทืขึฐืชึธึผ ื‘ึฐึผืงื•ึนืœ ื™ึฐื™ึธ ื•ึทืชึทึผืขึทื˜ ืึถืœ ื”ึทืฉึธึผืืœึธืœ ื•ึทืชึทึผืขึทืฉื‚ ื”ึธืจึทืข ื‘ึฐึผืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื™ึธ. ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึถืจ ืฉึธืืื•ึผืœ ืึถืœ ืฉึฐืืžื•ึผืึตืœ: ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืฉึธืืžึทืขึฐืชึดึผื™ ื‘ึฐึผืงื•ึนืœ ื™ึฐื™ึธ ื•ึธืึตืœึตืšึฐ ื‘ึทึผื“ึถึผืจึถืšึฐ ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืฉึฐืืœึธื—ึทื ึดื™ ื™ึฐื™ึธ, ื•ึธืึธื‘ึดื™ื ืึถืช ืึฒื’ึทื’ ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืขึฒืžึธืœึตืง ื•ึฐืึถืช ืขึฒืžึธืœึตืง ื”ึถื—ึฑืจึทืžึฐืชึดึผื™. ื•ึทื™ึดึผืงึทึผื— ื”ึธืขึธื ืžึตื”ึทืฉึธึผืืœึธืœ ืฆึนืืŸ ื•ึผื‘ึธืงึธืจ ืจึตืืฉึดืื™ืช ื”ึทื—ึตืจึถื ืœึดื–ึฐื‘ึนึผื—ึท ืœึทื™ื™ึธ ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ื‘ึทึผื’ึดึผืœึฐื’ึธึผืœ [=ื›ืžื• ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืžืžืกื“ื™ื™ื, ื’ื ืฉืื•ืœ ืžืฆื˜ื“ืง ื•ืžืชื—ืกื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืžืข ื‘ืงื•ืœ ื”' ื•ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื›ืœ ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื!].


ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึถืจ ืฉึฐืืžื•ึผืึตืœ: ื”ึทื—ึตืคึถืฅ ืœึทื™ื™ึธ ื‘ึฐึผืขึนืœื•ึนืช ื•ึผื–ึฐื‘ึธื—ึดื™ื ื›ึดึผืฉึฐืืžึนืขึท ื‘ึฐึผืงื•ึนืœ ื™ึฐื™ึธ? ื”ึดื ึตึผื” ืฉึฐืืžึนืขึท ืžึดื–ึถึผื‘ึทื— ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืœึฐื”ึทืงึฐืฉึดืื™ื‘ ืžึตื—ึตืœึถื‘ ืึตื™ืœึดื™ื! ื›ึดึผื™ ื—ึทื˜ึทึผืืช ืงึถืกึถื ืžึถืจึดื™ ื•ึฐืึธื•ึถืŸ ื•ึผืชึฐืจึธืคึดื™ื ื”ึทืคึฐืฆึทืจ, ื™ึทืขึทืŸ ืžึธืึทืกึฐืชึธึผ ืึถืช ื“ึฐึผื‘ึทืจ ื™ึฐื™ึธ ื•ึทื™ึดึผืžึฐืึธืกึฐืšึธ ืžึดืžึถึผืœึถืšึฐ. ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึถืจ ืฉึธืืื•ึผืœ ืึถืœ ืฉึฐืืžื•ึผืึตืœ ื—ึธื˜ึธืืชึดื™, ื›ึดึผื™ ืขึธื‘ึทืจึฐืชึดึผื™ ืึถืช ืคึดึผื™ ื™ึฐื™ึธ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื“ึฐึผื‘ึธืจึถื™ืšึธ, ื›ึดึผื™ ื™ึธืจึตืืชึดื™ ืึถืช ื”ึธืขึธื ื•ึธืึถืฉึฐืืžึทืข ื‘ึฐึผืงื•ึนืœึธื. ื•ึฐืขึทืชึธึผื” ืฉึธื‚ื ื ึธื ืึถืช ื—ึทื˜ึธึผืืชึดื™ ื•ึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ ืขึดืžึดึผื™ ื•ึฐืึถืฉึฐืืชึทึผื—ึฒื•ึถื” ืœึทื™ื™ึธ [=ื•ืฉืื•ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืžืžืกื“ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื—ื”, ื•ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืœืš ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืืžืช]. ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึถืจ ืฉึฐืืžื•ึผืึตืœ ืึถืœ ืฉึธืืื•ึผืœ ืœึนื ืึธืฉืื•ึผื‘ ืขึดืžึธึผืšึฐ ื›ึดึผื™ ืžึธืึทืกึฐืชึธึผื” ืึถืช ื“ึฐึผื‘ึทืจ ื™ึฐื™ึธ ื•ึทื™ึดึผืžึฐืึธืกึฐืšึธ ื™ึฐื™ึธ ืžึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึนืช ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืขึทืœ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ".


ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืขื‘ื“ืืœืœื”, ืœื ืืฉื›ื— ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ื”ึดืจืฉื” ืœืขืฆืžื• (ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืฉ"ืก ื•ืื™ืœืš) ืœื ืกื•ืข ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืขืœืชื” ืื– ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงืœ: BMW 745il, ืื•ืชื” ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื›ื ืจืื” ื›ืชืจื•ืžื” ืžืื—ื“ ื”ืฉื•ื˜ื™ื. ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืื•ืช l (=Long) ืžืฉืžืขื” ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื ืฉืœ ื“ื’ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืืฉืจ ื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจ ืขื•ื“ ื›ืขืฉืจื” ืก"ืž ืžืจื—ื‘ ืœืจื’ืœื™ื”ื, ื•ืจืง ื”ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ื–ื• ืขืœืชื” ืื– ื›-300,000 ืฉ"ื—!


ื‘ืื•ืชื ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืืช ื—ื•ืžืจืช ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ืืš ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืฆื“ืง ืฉื‘ืงืจื‘ื™ ืœื ื ืชื ื” ืœื™ ืžื ื•ื—, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื™ืฆื• ืืช ืขื‘ื“ืืœืœื” ื”ืžืฆืจื™ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืื™ื–ื” ืืœื™ืœ ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ (ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืžื™ ืžื•ืœืš ืชื•ื™ืกื™ืฃ, ื›ืš ื”ื™ื• ืฉืจื™ื ืœื•), ื›ื‘ืจ ืื– ืชืžื”ืชื™: ืื ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืจื›ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืกืข, ืื™ื” ื”ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช? ืื™ื” ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช? ืื™ื” ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”? ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืจื›ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืกืข, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืืœื™ืœื™ื ื•ื”ืื˜ึผึดื™ื, ืฉื”ื•ื "ืžืจื—ืฃ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื", ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœืชืžื•ื” ืชืžื™ื”ื” ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืžื•ืจื”: ื”ืื ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืขื– ืขื™ื•ื•ืจืช ื•ืžื”ื•ื‘ืœืช ืฉืžื ื•ืชืงืช ืžื”ืขื ื•ืžื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืชืคืกื•ืง ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื•ืชื ื”ื™ื’ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ?


ืœืฆืขืจื ื• ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื ื ื•ืชืจื• ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ืื™ ืžืžื•ืŸ. ื›ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื“ืช ื“ืจืกื• ื‘ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ืžืกื•ืžืจื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื: "ืœื ืชืขืฉื ืขื˜ืจื” ืœื”ืชื’ื“ืœ ื‘ื”ื ื•ืœื ืงื•ืจื“ื•ื ืœื—ืคื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื". ืืš ืืžืช ืžืืจืฅ ืชืฆืžื—, ื•ืœืื˜-ืœืื˜ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื ื–ืง ื”ืขืฆื•ื ืฉื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœื“ืช ื”ืืžืช: ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ืžืขื•ื•ืชื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ืช ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืคื›ื” ืœืงื•ืจื“ื•ื ืœื—ืฆื•ื‘ ื‘ื• ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ืื”, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ืžืกื™ื˜ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืžืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจืจื•ื ื• ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืืžืช ื•ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”' ื™ืชืขืœื”, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ื”ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ืœื™ื, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ืžืขืœื™ืžื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ืžืฉืงืจื™ื ื•ืžื›ื–ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืืžืช ื ื›ื•ื—ื”, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ืžืจื•ืžืžื™ื ื•ืžืคืืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื”ืคืจื•-ื ื•ืฆืจื™ืช, ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ื’ื•ื ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ืขืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืžึดืชืจืื™ื ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื•ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื, ืคืจื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ืจืื™-ื—ื˜ื, ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื’ืื•ื ื™-ืขื•ืœื โ€“ ื•ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืฉื‚ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืกื•ืจืจื™ื ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื’ื ื‘ื™ื ืจื•ื“ืคื™ ืฉื•ื—ื“ ื•ืฉืœืžื•ื ื™ื, ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืฉืจืจื” ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ืื”.


"ืฉึดืืžึฐืขื•ึผ ื ึธื ื–ึนืืช ืจึธืืฉึตืื™ ื‘ึตึผื™ืช ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ื•ึผืงึฐืฆึดื™ื ึตื™ ื‘ึตึผื™ืช ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ื”ึทืžึฒืชึทืขึฒื‘ึดื™ื ืžึดืฉึฐืืคึธึผื˜ ื•ึฐืึตืช ื›ึธึผืœ ื”ึทื™ึฐืฉึธืืจึธื” ื™ึฐืขึทืงึตึผืฉืื•ึผ. [...] ืจึธืืฉึถืื™ื”ึธ ื‘ึฐึผืฉึนืื—ึทื“ ื™ึดืฉึฐืืคึนึผื˜ื•ึผ ื•ึฐื›ึนื”ึฒื ึถื™ื”ึธ ื‘ึดึผืžึฐื—ึดื™ืจ ื™ื•ึนืจื•ึผ [...] ืœึธื›ึตืŸ ื‘ึดึผื’ึฐืœึทืœึฐื›ึถื ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ ืฉึธื‚ื“ึถื” ืชึตื—ึธืจึตืฉื ื•ึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉึธืืœึทโ€ึดื ืขึดื™ึดึผื™ืŸ ืชึดึผื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื•ึฐื”ึทืจ ื”ึทื‘ึทึผื™ึดืช ืœึฐื‘ึธืžื•ึนืช ื™ึธืขึทืจ" (ืžื™ื›ื” ื’, ื˜โ€“ื™ื‘).


"ื›ึผึดื™ ืžึดืงึผึธื˜ึนืŸ ื•ึฐืขึทื“ ื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื›ึผึปืœึผึนื” ื‘ึผึนืฆึตืขึท ื‘ึผึธืฆึทืข ืžึดื ึผึธื‘ึดื™ื ื•ึฐืขึทื“ ื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ ื›ึผึปืœึผึนื” ืขึนืฉื‚ึถื” ืฉึผืึธืงึถืจ" (ื™ืจ' ื—, ื™).


"ื ึฐื‘ึดื™ืึถื™ื”ึธ ืคึนึผื—ึฒื–ึดื™ื ืึทื ึฐืฉึตืื™ ื‘ึนึผื’ึฐื“ื•ึนืช ื›ึนึผื”ึฒื ึถื™ื”ึธ ื—ึดืœึฐึผืœื•ึผ ืงึนื“ึถืฉื ื—ึธืžึฐืกื•ึผ ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”" (ืฆืค' ื’, ื“).


"ื•ึฐืึทืชึถึผื ืกึทืจึฐืชึถึผื ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื“ึถึผืจึถืšึฐ ื”ึดื›ึฐืฉึทืืœึฐืชึถึผื ืจึทื‘ึดึผื™ื ื‘ึทึผืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืฉึดืื—ึทืชึถึผื ื‘ึฐึผืจึดื™ืช ื”ึทืœึตึผื•ึดื™ ืึธืžึทืจ ื™ึฐื™ึธ ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช. ื•ึฐื’ึทื ืึฒื ึดื™ ื ึธืชึทืชึดึผื™ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ื ึดื‘ึฐื–ึดื™ื ื•ึผืฉึฐืืคึธืœึดื™ื ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ื›ึฐึผืคึดื™ ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืึตื™ื ึฐื›ึถื ืฉึนืืžึฐืจึดื™ื ืึถืช ื“ึฐึผืจึธื›ึทื™ ื•ึฐื ึนืฉึฐื‚ืึดื™ื ืคึธึผื ึดื™ื ื‘ึทึผืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”" (ืžืœืื›ื™ ื‘, ื—โ€“ื˜).


ืกื•ืฃ ื“ื‘ืจ


"ื›ึดึผื™ ืฉึฐืืชึทึผื™ึดื ืจึธืขื•ึนืช ืขึธืฉึธื‚ื” ืขึทืžึดึผื™ ืึนืชึดื™ ืขึธื–ึฐื‘ื•ึผ ืžึฐืงื•ึนืจ ืžึทื™ึดื ื—ึทื™ึดึผื™ื ืœึทื—ึฐืฆึนื‘ ืœึธื”ึถื ื‘ึนึผืืจื•ึนืช ื‘ึนึผืืจึนืช ื ึดืฉึฐืื‘ึธึผืจึดื™ื ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืœึนื ื™ึธื›ึดืœื•ึผ ื”ึทืžึธึผื™ึดื" (ื™ืจ' ื‘, ื™ื’) โ€“ ื“ืจืš ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืžืงื•ืจ ืžื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื, ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืžืžื™ ื”ื“ืขืช ื”ื–ื›ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆืœื•ืœื™ื ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ืชืขื ื’ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ืœืžืœื ืืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื• ืขืœื™-ืื“ืžื•ืช. ื•ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ืืช, ืžึตื™ ื”ืืžืช ื”ืฆืœื•ืœื™ื ื™ึฐื—ึทื™ึผื•ึผ ื•ื™ืจืคืื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื•ืชื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื‘ืฉื•ืช, ื™ืงื™ืžื• ื•ื™ืจื™ืžื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืžืฉืคืœื•ืชื ื• ื•ื™ืจื•ืžืžื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืขืจืš ื“ืช ื”ืืžืช, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืœื”, ื“ืช ืืžืช ื™ืคื”ืคื™ื™ื” ืื“ื™ืจืช-ื›ื•ื— ื•ืจื‘ืช ืขื•ืฆืžื”.


"ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึถืจ ืึตืœึทื™ ื”ึดื ึธึผื‘ึตื ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืขึฒืฆึธืžื•ึนืช ื”ึธืึตืœึถึผื” ื•ึฐืึธืžึทืจึฐืชึธึผ ืึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถื ื”ึธืขึฒืฆึธืžื•ึนืช ื”ึทื™ึฐื‘ึตืฉืื•ึนืช ืฉึดืืžึฐืขื•ึผ ื“ึฐึผื‘ึทืจ ื™ึฐื™ึธ. ื›ึนึผื” ืึธืžึทืจ ืึฒื“ึนื ึธื™ ื™ึฐื™ึด ืœึธืขึฒืฆึธืžื•ึนืช ื”ึธืึตืœึถึผื”: ื”ึดื ึตึผื” ืึฒื ึดื™ ืžึตื‘ึดื™ื ื‘ึธื›ึถื ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื•ึดื—ึฐื™ึดื™ืชึถื, ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืชึดึผื™ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื›ึถื ื’ึดึผื“ึดื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึทืขึฒืœึตืชึดื™ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื›ึถื ื‘ึธึผืฉึธื‚ืจ ื•ึฐืงึธืจึทืžึฐืชึดึผื™ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื›ึถื ืขื•ึนืจ ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืชึดึผื™ ื‘ึธื›ึถื ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื•ึดื—ึฐื™ึดื™ืชึถื ื•ึดื™ื“ึทืขึฐืชึถึผื ื›ึดึผื™ ืึฒื ึดื™ ื™ึฐื™ึธ" (ื™ื—' ืœื–, ื“โ€“ื•).

ื•ื ื”ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื ื• ื›ื—ื’ื‘ื™ื
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